Battery module having structure of improved stability and high cooling efficiency
View Patent ↗Disclosed herein is a battery module including a battery cell stack configured to have a rectangular parallelepiped structure in which two or more plate-shaped battery cells, each of which has electrode terminals formed at one side thereof, are stacked and a breadth of one surface of the battery cell stack at which the electrode terminals of the battery cells are disposed is smaller than a width and a height of each major surface of the battery cell stack, a first module case bent to surround two relatively large major surfaces of the battery cell stack and one surface of the battery cell stack opposite to the surface of the battery cell stack at which the electrode terminals of the battery cells are disposed, among six surfaces of the battery cell stack and a surface, the first module case being made of a thermally conductive material that is capable of dissipating heat generated from the battery cells during charge and discharge of the battery cells, and a second module case bent to surround side surfaces of the battery cell stack adjacent to the two major surfaces of the battery cell stack and the surface of the battery cell stack at which the electrode terminals of the battery cells are disposed, the second module case being fastened to the first module case, the second module case being provided with through holes, through which the electrode terminals of the battery cells protrude outward, the second module case being made of an electrically insulative material.
1. A battery module comprising:
a battery cell stack configured to have a rectangular parallelepiped structure in which two or more plate-shaped battery cells, each of which has electrode terminals formed at one side thereof, are stacked and a breadth of one surface of the battery cell stack at which the electrode terminals of the battery cells are disposed is smaller than a width and a height of each major surface of the battery cell stack;
a first module case bent to surround two relatively large major surfaces of the battery cell stack and one surface of the battery cell stack opposite to the surface of the battery cell stack at which the electrode terminals of the battery cells are disposed, among six surfaces of the battery cell stack and a surface, the first module case being made of a thermally conductive material that is capable of dissipating heat generated from the battery cells during charge and discharge of the battery cells; and
a second module case bent to surround side surfaces of the battery cell stack adjacent to the two major surfaces of the battery cell stack and the surface of the battery cell stack at which the electrode terminals of the battery cells are disposed, the second module case being fastened to the first module case, the second module case being provided with through holes, through which the electrode terminals of the battery cells protrude outward, the second module case being made of an electrically insulative material.
2. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plate-shaped battery cells is a pouch-shaped battery cell configured to have a structure in which an electrode assembly having a structure comprising a cathode, an anode, and a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode is mounted in a battery case made of a laminate sheet comprising a resin layer and a metal layer and an outer circumference of a receiving part of the battery case is sealed by thermal bonding.
3. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plate-shaped battery cells is a lithium secondary battery.
4. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein the battery cells are connected in parallel to each other.
5. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein a soft elastic pad is further disposed at an interface between the respective battery cells of the battery cell stack.
6. The battery module according to claim 5 , wherein the pad is made of a polyurethane material or a silicone material.
7. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein the first module case is made of a thermally conductive metal sheet.
8. The battery module according to claim 7 , wherein the first module case is formed by cutting and bending the thermally conductive metal sheet into a size corresponding to a planar size of the battery cell stack and press molding the metal sheet such that the metal sheet has a bracket shape in vertical section.
9. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein the second module case is made of a plastic material.
10. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein external input and output terminals, to which the electrode terminals of the battery cell stack are electrically connected, are formed at a surface of the second module case at which the electrode terminals of the battery cell stack are disposed.
11. The battery module according to claim 10 , wherein the external input and output terminals are two terminal bolts.
12. The battery module according to claim 11 , wherein the terminal bolts are mounted at the second module case using one selected from a group consisting of insert injection molding, sandwich molding, soluble core injection molding, gas-assisted injection molding, injection compression molding, structural foam injection molding, microlayer injection molding, live-feed injection molding, push-pull injection molding, and injection molding of reactive materials.
13. The battery module according to claim 11 , wherein bus bars for electrically connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells to the terminal bolts are further mounted at the second module case.
14. The battery module according to claim 13 , wherein the bus bars are ‘I’-shaped bus bars.
15. The battery module according to claim 14 , wherein each of the bus bars comprises a head having a through hole, through which a corresponding one of the terminal bolts is inserted, respectively, and a plate-shaped body extending from the head.
16. The battery module according to claim 15 , wherein the bus bars are fastened to the respective terminal bolts in a case in which the bus bars are located at the surface of the second module case at which the electrode terminals of the battery cell stack are disposed such that the bus bars are electrically coupled to the electrode terminals.
17. The battery module according to claim 16 , wherein the coupling between the bus bars and the electrode terminals is achieved by perpendicularly bending the electrode terminals, which protrude upward, such that the electrode terminals contact the plate-shaped bodies of the bus bars and electrically coupling the electrode terminals and the bus bars in a contact state by laser welding or spot welding.
18. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein the first module case and the second module case are fastened to each other by interference fit.
19. The battery module according to claim 18 , further comprising:
step parts formed at three edges of each of the major surfaces of the first module case contacting the second module case among four edges of each of the major surfaces of the first module case; and
protrusions formed at insides of three edges of the second module case contacting the first module case.
20. The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein a heat conduction medium is disposed at an interface between the battery cell stack and the first module case.
21. The battery module according to claim 20 , wherein the heat conduction medium is at least one selected from a group consisting of a thermally conductive grease, a thermally conductive epoxy-based bond, a thermally conductive silicone pad, a thermally conductive adhesive tape, and a graphite sheet.
22. A battery pack comprising one or more battery modules according to claim 1 mounted in a pack case.
23. A device comprising a battery pack according to claim 22 as a power source.
24. The device according to claim 23 , wherein the device is an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or a power storage device.