Abuse resistant forms of extended release oxymorphone, method of use and method of making
An abuse resistant oral pharmaceutical composition, comprising: a barrier layer, comprising a first polymer; a diffusion layer, comprising a second polymer, substantially covering the barrier layer, wherein the diffusion layer is bonded to the barrier layer and comprises a drug that is substantially homogeneously distributed within the second polymer and diffuses from the diffusion layer within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract; and optionally an expansion layer comprising an expandable polymer, wherein the expansion layer is substantially covered by the barrier layer. Methods of making the same and methods of using the same are also provided.
1. A method of treating pain in a patient in need thereof, comprising:
orally administering to the patient an abuse resistant extended release pharmaceutical composition containing a drug selected from the group consisting of any one of oxymorphone or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in tablet unit dosage form, wherein the tablet dosage form releases at least about 80% of the drug over about 12 to about 24 hours, and said tablet comprises the following layers:
an innermost expansion layer that does not contain any drug and comprises a hydrophilic expandable polymer selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and polyacrylic acid,
a barrier layer that covers the expansion layer to an extent at least about 90%, and comprises a first polymer that does not substantially dissolve in a gastrointestinal (GI) tract, wherein the first polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates and polyethylene glycol, and
a diffusion layer that that covers the barrier layer to an extent of more than 90% percent and is bonded to said barrier layer and comprises the oxymorphone or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof substantially homogenously distributed within a second polymer selected from the group consisting of a polymer of ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate and copolymers thereof, wherein the oxymorphone or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof diffuses from the diffusion layer within the GI tract to provide extended release over a period of up to about 24 hours to treat pain,
wherein the diffusion layer is the only drug-containing layer,
wherein the pharmaceutical composition is configured such that when the pharmaceutical composition is physically compromised to produce particles having a particle size between 8 mesh and 500 mesh and exposed to a liquid comprising water and/or alcohol, the bond between the diffusion layer and the barrier layer is substantially preserved and the expandable polymer of the expansion layer absorbs at least a portion of the liquid and expands and/or forms a gel,
and wherein when the pharmaceutical composition is contacted with an alcohol or consumed with an alcohol or consumed with an alcohol, the rate of said oxymorphone or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof released from the composition within a time period of up to 24 hours is substantially the same or lower than the rate of said oxymorphone or pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof released when the pharmaceutical composition is consumed without an alcohol.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxymorphone or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is present in an amount of about 4 mg to about 80 mg.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxymorphone or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises oxymorphone hydrochloride.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic expandable polymer is present in an amount of 5 to 90% of the total thickness of the tablet unit dosage form.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the expansion layer has a thickness of about 5 to 95% of the total thickness of the tablet unit dosage form.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer has a thickness of about 1 to 30% of the total thickness of the tablet unit dosage form.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the diffusion layer a thickness of about 1 to 30% of the total thickness of the tablet unit dosage form.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a release rate in water of a ground tablet is about one-half that of an intact tablet after about 24 hours.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer is comprised of a polyacrylate dispersion.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition has a release profile which is independent of pH.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the diffusion layer maintains the same release profile up to 24 hours.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the release profile remains the same regardless of whether the pharmaceutical composition is administered intact or broken up in smaller pieces.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein when the pharmaceutical composition is physically compromised by being broken up into smaller pieces, pieces of the diffusion layer remain tightly bonded to pieces of the barrier layer within particles of the physically compromised pharmaceutical composition.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein when the pharmaceutical composition is broken into smaller pieces, a relative surface area of the diffusion area increases no more than 25% when particles are produced in a range of 500 mesh to 8 mesh.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein said diffusion area increases no more than 10%.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein a release profile of the pharmaceutical composition is adjusted by changing a pore size of the polymer of the diffusion layer.