Driving apparatus for electric vehicle
A driving apparatus for an electric vehicle is provided. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle can charge the other batteries using a charging voltage of any one battery in a state in which an engine is not driven, control a voltage generated by an integrated starter generator (ISG), selectively charge a plurality of batteries having different charging voltages without using a separate converter, and reduce a weight and volume thereof.
1. A driving apparatus for an electric vehicle, comprising:
a motor including a rotor, on which a field coil is wound, and a stator, on which an armature coil is wound;
a first battery configured to drive the motor or configured to be chargeable by the motor;
a second battery configured to be chargeable by the motor and having a charging voltage lower than that of the first battery;
an inverter circuit electrically connected to the armature coil;
a control switching element, a first terminal of which is electrically connected to a first terminal of the field coil;
a first switching element electrically connected between a second terminal of the control switching element and the first battery;
a second switching element electrically connected between a second terminal of the field coil and the second battery;
a diode electrically connected between the first terminal of the field coil and ground; and
a motor controller configured to turn the first and the second switching elements on, and charge the second battery using a voltage from the first battery by performing Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control with respect to the control switching element,
wherein the first battery, the second battery, the diode, the control switching element, and the field coil define a buck converter,
wherein the motor controller is configured to charge the second battery using the voltage from the first battery through the buck converter, and
wherein the motor controller is configured, based on the second battery being charged using the voltage from the first battery, to supply the voltage from the first battery to the second battery through the first switching element, the control switching element, and the field coil.
2. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising a third switching element electrically connected between the second terminal of the field coil and ground,
wherein the motor controller is configured to activate the first switching element and the third switching element, and charge the first battery by performing the PWM control with respect to the control switching element.
3. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein the motor controller is configured to charge the first battery in a regenerating mode by generating negative torque by vector-controlling the inverter circuit.
4. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a third switching element electrically connected between the second terminal of the field coil and ground;
a fourth switching element electrically connected between the second battery and the second terminal of the control switching element; and
a fifth switching element electrically connected between the second battery and the second terminal of the control switching element and electrically connected to the fourth switching element in parallel,
wherein the motor controller is configured to activate the third switching element, the fourth switching element, and the fifth switching element, and charge the second battery by performing the PWM control with respect to the control switching element.
5. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 4 , wherein the motor controller is configured to charge the second battery in a regenerating mode by generating negative torque by vector-controlling the inverter circuit.
6. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 4 ,
wherein the third switching element supplies current from the second battery to the field coil by being activated,
wherein the fifth switching element supplies current from the armature coil to the second battery by being activated.
7. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 4 , wherein the motor controller is configured, based on the second battery being charged using the voltage from the first battery, to supply the voltage from the first battery to the second battery through the first switching element, the control switching element, the field coil, and the fifth switching element.
8. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a third switching element electrically connected between the second terminal of the field coil and ground;
a fourth switching element electrically connected between the second battery and the second terminal of the control switching element; and
a fifth switching element electrically connected between the second battery and the second terminal of the control switching element and electrically connected to the fourth switching element in parallel,
wherein the fifth switching element supplies current from the second battery to the field coil by being activated,
wherein the fifth switching element supplies current from the armature coil to the second battery by being activated.
9. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 8 , further comprising an engine configured to selectively rotate the rotor,
wherein the motor controller is configured to activate the first switching element and the second switching element, deactivate the third switching element, the fourth switching element, and the fifth switching element, and charge the second battery using a voltage from the first battery by performing the PWM control with respect to the control switching element in a state in which an engine is stopped.
10. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 8 , further comprising an engine configured to selectively rotate the rotor,
wherein the motor controller is configured to activate the first switching element and the third switching element, deactivate the second switching element, the fourth switching element, and the fifth switching element, and charge the first battery by performing the PWM control with respect to the control switching element in a state in which an engine rotates the rotor.
11. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 10 , wherein the motor controller is configured to charge the first battery in a regenerating mode by generating negative torque by vector-controlling the inverter circuit.
12. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 8 , wherein the motor controller is configured to activate the third switching element, the fourth switching element, and the fifth switching element, deactivate the first switching element and the second switching element, and charge the second battery by performing the PWM control with respect to the control switching element.
13. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 12 , wherein the motor controller is configured to charge the first battery in a regenerating mode by generating negative torque by vector-controlling the inverter circuit.
14. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 8 , wherein the motor controller is configured to activate the first switching element and the third switching element, deactivate the second switching element, the fourth switching element, and the fifth switching element, and rotate the motor using a voltage from the first battery by performing the PWM control with respect to the control switching element.
15. The driving apparatus for the electric vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising a third diode electrically connected between the fifth switching element and the second battery,
wherein the motor controller is configured, based on the second battery being charged using the voltage from the first battery, to supply the voltage from the first battery to the second battery through the first switching element, the control switching element, the field coil, and the third diode.