Alkaline electrochemical cells with separator and electrolyte combination
View Patent ↗An alkaline electrochemical cell having an anode including electrochemically active anode material, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide dissolved in water. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm 2 and about 220 mOhm-cm 2 .
1. A primary AA alkaline electrochemical cell comprising:
an anode including an electrochemically active anode material, the electrochemically active anode material comprising zinc, zinc alloys, or mixtures thereof;
a cathode including an electrochemically active cathode material, the electrochemically active cathode material comprising manganese oxide, manganese dioxide, electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), chemical manganese dioxide (CMD), high power electrolytic manganese dioxide (HP EMD), or mixtures thereof;
a cathode loading of at least about 10.0 grams of electrochemically active cathode material;
a separator between said anode and said cathode; and
an electrolyte comprising an ionically-conductive component dissolved in water, the separator in combination with the electrolyte having an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm 2 and about 220 mOhm-cm 2 .
2. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein initial area-specific resistance is between about 150 mOhm-cm2 and about 200 mOhm-cm 2 .
3. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 1 having a final area-specific resistance of less than about 500 mOhm-cm 2 .
4. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 1 having a final area-specific resistance between about 200 mOhm-cm 2 and about 500 mOhm-cm 2 .
5. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 1 having an ASR ratio of less than about 1.9.
6. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 1 having an ASR ratio from about 1.2 to about 1.65.
7. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein the ionically conductive component is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, zinc chloride, ammonium chloride, magnesium perchlorate, magnesium bromide, and mixtures thereof.
8. A primary AAA alkaline electrochemical cell comprising:
an anode including an electrochemically active anode material, the electrochemically active anode material comprising zinc, zinc alloys, or mixtures thereof;
a cathode including an electrochemically active cathode material, the electrochemically active cathode material comprising manganese oxide, manganese dioxide, electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), chemical manganese dioxide (CMD), high power electrolytic manganese dioxide (HP EMD), or mixtures thereof;
a cathode loading of at least about 4.0 grams of electrochemically active cathode material;
a separator between said anode and said cathode; and
an electrolyte comprising an ionically-conductive component dissolved in water, the separator in combination with the electrolyte having an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm 2 and about 220 mOhm-cm 2 .
9. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein initial area-specific resistance is between about 150 mOhm-cm 2 and about 200 mOhm-cm 2 .
10. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 8 having a final area-specific resistance of less than about 500 mOhm-cm 2 .
11. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 8 having a final area-specific resistance between about 200 mOhm-cm 2 and about 500 mOhm-cm 2 .
12. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 8 having an ASR ratio of less than about 1.9.
13. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 8 having an ASR ratio from about 1.2 to about 1.65.
14. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the ionically conductive component is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, zinc chloride, ammonium chloride, magnesium perchlorate, magnesium bromide, and mixtures thereof.
15. A primary AAAA alkaline electrochemical cell comprising:
an anode including an electrochemically active anode material, the electrochemically active anode material comprising zinc, zinc alloys, or mixtures thereof;
a cathode including an electrochemically active cathode material, the electrochemically active cathode material comprising manganese oxide, manganese dioxide, electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), chemical manganese dioxide (CMD), high power electrolytic manganese dioxide (HP EMD), or mixtures thereof;
a cathode loading of at least about 2.0 grams of electrochemically active cathode material;
a separator between said anode and said cathode; and
an electrolyte comprising an ionically-conductive component dissolved in water, the separator in combination with the electrolyte having an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm 2 and about 220 mOhm-cm 2 .
16. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 15 wherein initial area-specific resistance is between about 150 mOhm-cm 2 and about 200 mOhm-cm 2 .
17. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 15 having a final area-specific resistance of less than about 500 mOhm-cm 2 .
18. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 15 having a final area-specific resistance between about 200 mOhm-cm 2 and about 500 mOhm-cm 2 .
19. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 15 having an ASR ratio of less than about 1.9.
20. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 15 having an ASR ratio from about 1.2 to about 1.65.
21. The alkaline electrochemical cell of claim 15 wherein the ionically conductive component is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, zinc chloride, ammonium chloride, magnesium perchlorate, magnesium bromide, and mixtures thereof.