Image generation system

1. An image generation system comprising:

a light detector configured to detect light from a sample;

a super-resolution image component transmitter including an objective and being configured to transmit the light from the sample including a super-resolution image component to the light detector, the super-resolution image component being a frequency component exceeding a cut-off frequency of the objective; and

an image processor configured to enhance the super-resolution image component of an image of the sample generated in accordance with an output signal of the light detector,

wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter further includes:

a light polarization converter that is provided in an optical path of illumination light for illuminating the sample and that is configured to convert a polarization state of the illumination light to make a polarization direction distribution in a light flux of the illumination light symmetrical with respect to an optical axis of the illumination light; and

a modulator configured to modulate an intensity distribution of the illumination light on the sample, and

wherein the modulator is a rotation disc configured to scan the sample, the rotation disc being provided at a position conjugate to a focal plane of the objective, and the rotation disc including a light shielding portion for shielding light and a plurality of apertures for transmitting light.

2. The image generation system of claim 1 , wherein the light polarization converter converts the illumination light into circularly polarized light.

3. The image generation system of claim 1 , wherein the light polarization converter converts the illumination light into radially polarized light.

4. The image generation system of claim 1 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter further includes:

a light source configured to emit the illumination light; and

an optical path branching device configured to form optically branching paths for an optical path of the illumination light and an optical path of the light from the sample,

wherein the light polarization converter is provided between the light source and the optical path branching device.

5. The image generation system of claim 1 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter further includes:

an optical path branching device configured to form optically branching paths for an optical path of the illumination light and an optical path of the light from the sample, and

wherein the light polarization converter is provided between the objective and the optical path branching device.

6. The image generation system of claim 1 , wherein the light polarization converter is a ¼-wavelength plate.

7. The image generation system of claim 1 , wherein the light polarization converter is a plurality of ½-wavelength plates provided such that directions of their optic axes are different from each other.

8. The image generation system of claim 1 , wherein the light polarization converter is removably provided in the optical path of the illumination light manner.

9. The image generation system of claim 1 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter is a non-linear optical microscope.

10. An image generation system comprising:

a light detector configured to detect light from a sample;

a super-resolution image component transmitter including an objective and being configured to transmit the light from the sample including a super-resolution image component to the light detector, the super-resolution image component being a frequency component exceeding a cut-off frequency of the objective; and

an image processor configured to enhance the super-resolution image component of an image of the sample generated in accordance with an output signal of the light detector,

wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter further includes:

a light polarization converter consisting of one element that is provided in an optical path of illumination light for illuminating the sample and that is configured to convert a polarization state of the illumination light to make a polarization direction distribution in a light flux of the illumination light symmetrical with respect to an optical axis of the illumination light;

a light source configured to emit the illumination light; and

an optical path branching device configured to form optically branching paths for an optical path of the illumination light and an optical path of the light from the sample, and

wherein the light polarization converter is provided between the light source and the optical path branching device.

11. The image generation system of claim 10 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter further includes a modulator which is a scanner configured to scan the sample and is provided at a position conjugate to a focal plane of the objective.

12. The image generation system of claim 10 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter is a confocal microscope including a confocal diaphragm with an aperture formed at a position conjugate to a focal plane of the objective.

13. The image generation system of claim 10 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter is a non-linear optical microscope.

14. The image generation system of claim 11 , wherein the scanner is a Nipkow disc that includes a light shielding portion for shielding light and a plurality of apertures for transmitting light.

15. An image generation system comprising:

a light detector configured to detect light from a sample;

a super-resolution image component transmitter including an objective and being configured to transmit the light from the sample including a super-resolution image component to the light detector, the super-resolution image component being a frequency component exceeding a cut-off frequency of the objective; and

an image processor configured to enhance the super-resolution image component of an image of the sample generated in accordance with an output signal of the light detector,

wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter further includes:

a light polarization converter that is provided in an optical path of illumination light for illuminating the sample and that is configured to convert a polarization state of the illumination light to make a polarization direction distribution in a light flux of the illumination light symmetrical with respect to an optical axis of the illumination light; and

an optical path branching device configured to form optically branching paths for an optical path of the illumination light and an optical path of the light from the sample, and

wherein the light polarization converter is provided between the objective and the optical path branching device.

16. The image generation system of claim 15 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter further includes a modulator which is a scanner configured to scan the sample and is provided at a position conjugate to a focal plane of the objective.

17. The image generation system of claim 15 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter is a confocal microscope including a confocal diaphragm with an aperture formed at a position conjugate to a focal plane of the objective.

18. The image generation system of claim 15 , wherein the super-resolution image component transmitter is a non-linear optical microscope.

19. The image generation system of claim 16 , wherein the scanner is a Nipkow disc that includes a light shielding portion for shielding light and a plurality of apertures for transmitting light.

20. The image generation system of claim 15 , wherein the light polarization converter is a ¼-wavelength plate.