Granted Patent B2

US 9,400,440 · App. 14/561,543 · Granted Jul 26, 2016

Inventors: Christopher M Wolfe (Rochester, NY); Chieh-Min Cheng (Rochester, NY); Eric J Young (Webster, NY); Randy P Tin (Webster, NY); Jay L Schneider (Canandaigua, NY); Joo T Chung (Webster, NY)

Assignee: Xerox Corporation

G03G9/09371G03G9/0819G03G9/0823G03G9/08711G03G9/08755G03G9/09357

Abstract

Claims (20)

1. A hybrid toner comprising at least one polyester resin, no more than 10% by weight of core resin of at least one styrene/acrylate resin, optionally a wax, optionally a colorant and a shell, wherein the hybrid toner possesses one or more of: (a) less sensitivity to relative humidity as compared to a polyester toner without the polystyrene/acrylate resin; (b) a lower percentage of fine particles; (c) higher A zone charge; (d) lower B zone charge; or (e) lower J/A ratio.

2. The toner of claim 1 , wherein said shell comprises from about 22% to about 35% by weight of the toner.

3. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the polystyrene/acrylate resin is present at least 5% by weight of the toner.

4. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the polystyrene/acrylate resin is present at about 10% by weight of the toner.

5. The toner of claim 1 , comprising an amorphous polyester resin, a crystalline polyester resin or both.

6. The toner of claim 1 , comprising at least one crystalline polyester resin.

7. The toner of claim 1 , comprising at least one amorphous polyester resin.

8. The toner of claim 7 , wherein the at least one amorphous polyester resin comprises low molecular weight resin, high molecular weight resin or both.

9. The toner of claim 8 , wherein the low molecular weight resin is no more than about 25,000 molecular weight and the high molecular weight resin is at least about 70,000 molecular weight.

10. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the styrene/acrylate resin is selected from styrene acrylates, styrene butadienes, styrene methacrylates and combinations thereof.

11. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the styrene/acrylate resin is selected from poly(styrene-alkyl acrylate), poly(styrene-1,3-diene), poly(styrene-alkyl methacrylate), poly(styrene-alkyl acrylate-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-1,3-diene-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-alkyl methacrylate-acrylic acid), poly(alkyl methacrylate-alkyl acrylate), poly(alkyl methacrylate-aryl acrylate), poly(aryl methacrylate-alkyl acrylate), poly(alkyl methacrylate-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-alkyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-1,3-diene-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid), poly(alkyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-butadiene), poly(methylstyrene-butadiene), poly(methyl methacrylate-butadiene), poly(ethyl methacrylate-butadiene), poly(propyl methacrylate-butadiene), poly(butyl methacrylate-butadiene), poly(methyl acrylate-butadiene), poly(ethyl acrylate-butadiene), poly(propyl acrylate-butadiene), poly(butyl acrylate-butadiene), poly(styrene-isoprene), poly(methylstyrene-isoprene), poly(methyl methacrylate-isoprene), poly(ethyl methacrylate-isoprene), poly(propyl methacrylate-isoprene), poly(butyl methacrylate-isoprene), poly(methyl acrylate-isoprene), poly(ethyl acrylate-isoprene), poly(propyl acrylate-isoprene), poly(butyl acrylate-isoprene), poly(styrene-propyl acrylate), poly(styrene-butyl acrylate), poly(styrene-butadiene-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-butadiene-methacrylic acid), poly(styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid), poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile), poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-butadiene), poly(styrene-isoprene), poly(styrene-butyl methacrylate), poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-acrylic acid), poly(styrene-butyl methacrylate-acrylic acid), poly(butyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate), poly(butyl methacrylate-acrylic acid), poly(acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate-acrylic acid), and combinations thereof.

12. The toner of claim 1 , comprising a wax comprising a melting point of no more than 100° C.

13. The toner of claim 1 , wherein said shell comprises a polyester resin.

14. The toner of claim 1 , comprising an emulsion/aggregation toner.

15. The toner of claim 1 , wherein coalescence of said particle occurs in a continuous reactor.

16. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the fine particles comprise less than about 5% of the population.

17. The toner of claim 1 , wherein said particles comprise a D 50n /D 16n less than about 1.25.

18. The toner of claim 1 , comprising a lower B zone charge.

19. The toner of claim 1 , comprising a lower J/A ratio.

20. The toner of claim 1 , wherein said BET surface area is greater than about 2.

Assignments (10)

Continuity (1)