Large surface area temperature sensing
A temperature probe for monitoring temperatures of a surface of a tissue or organ within the body of a subject includes a section with a substantially two-dimensional arrangement and a plurality of temperature sensors positioned across an area defined by the substantially two-dimensional arrangement. Such an apparatus may be used in conjunction with procedures in which thermal techniques are used to diagnose a disease state or treat diseased tissue. Specifically, a temperature probe may be used to monitor temperatures across an area of a surface of a tissue or organ located close to the treated tissue to prevent subjection of the monitored tissue or organ to potentially damaging temperatures.
1. A left atrial ablation method, comprising:
introducing a temperature probe comprising a single elongated element into an esophagus of an individual, the single elongated element including a proximal portion that is substantially linear and a temperature-sensing portion continuous with a distal end of the proximal portion and including a plurality of divergent bends, the temperature-sensing portion having substantially a same cross-sectional shape and dimensions as the proximal portion;
placing the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe and a plurality of temperature sensors arranged sequentially along a length of the temperature-sensing portion, spaced apart along the length of the temperature-sensing portion, and arranged in an area array by the plurality of divergent bends of the temperature-sensing portion against an interior surface of a portion of the esophagus located adjacent to a left atrium of a heart of the individual, the act of placing the temperature-sensing portion including positioning the plurality of temperature sensors in the area array against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus without preventing the esophagus from functioning normally;
with the plurality of temperature sensors positioned against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus, ablating abnormal tissue of a wall of the left atrium of the heart of the individual from an interior of the left atrium; and
monitoring a temperature of the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus with the plurality of temperature sensors while ablating the abnormal tissue.
2. The left atrial ablation method of claim 1 , wherein placing the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe occurs while visualizing a location of the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe.
3. The left atrial ablation method of claim 2 , wherein visualizing the location of the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe comprises fluoroscopy.
4. The left atrial ablation method of claim 2 , wherein visualizing the location of the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe comprises ultrasound.
5. The left atrial ablation method of claim 1 , wherein placing comprises placing the temperature-sensing portion to distribute the plurality of temperature sensors over an area having a height of about 40 mm to about 80 mm and a width of about 10 mm to about 30 mm against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus.
6. The left atrial ablation method of claim 1 , wherein placing the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus located adjacent to the left atrium of the heart of the individual comprises placing the temperature-sensing portion against a front surface of the esophagus.
7. The left atrial ablation method of claim 1 , wherein:
introducing comprises introducing the temperature-sensing portion into the esophagus of the individual in a straightened configuration and enabling the temperature-sensing portion to assume a serpentine configuration once the temperature-sensing portion has been positioned within the esophagus; and
placing comprises placing at least a portion of the serpentine configuration against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus to position a plurality of temperature sensors carried by the serpentine configuration against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus.
8. The left atrial ablation method of claim 1 , wherein placing the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus located adjacent to the left atrium of the heart of the individual occurs without any substantial change in a shape of the esophagus.
9. The left atrial ablation method of claim 1 , wherein placing the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus located adjacent to the left atrium of the heart of the individual occurs without any substantial displacement of the portion of the esophagus.
10. The left atrial ablation method of claim 1 , wherein placing the temperature-sensing portion of the single elongated element of the temperature probe against the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus located adjacent to the left atrium of the heart of the individual occurs without preventing the individual from swallowing.
11. The left atrial ablation method of claim 1 , further comprising:
taking precautionary measures if any portion of the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus is heated to a potentially damaging temperature during the acts of ablating and monitoring.
12. The left atrial ablation method of claim 11 , wherein taking precautionary measures includes at least temporarily terminating the act of ablating.
13. The left atrial ablation method of claim 11 , wherein taking precautionary measures includes cooling the interior surface of the portion of the esophagus that is heated to a potentially damaging temperature.
14. The left atrial ablation method of claim 11 , wherein taking precautionary measures includes moving the portion of the esophagus away from the left atrium.
15. The left atrial ablation method of claim 14 , wherein moving the portion of the esophagus away from the left atrium includes deforming a shape of the portion of the esophagus.
16. The left atrial ablation method of claim 15 , wherein deforming the shape of the portion of the esophagus comprises flatting the portion of the esophagus.
17. The left atrial ablation method of claim 14 , wherein moving the portion of the esophagus away from the left atrium includes repositioning the portion of the esophagus within the body of the subject.
18. The left atrial ablation method of claim 14 , wherein moving the portion of the esophagus occurs by manipulating the temperature probe.