Monolithic contact system and method of forming
View Patent ↗A circuit breaker having a monolithic structure and method of making is disclosed. The monolithic structure includes an arm portion having copper and a contact portion having a composite material. The composite material has a metallic matrix and a second phase disposed in the metallic matrix. The method of making the monolithic structure includes introducing a first powder into a first region of a mold, introducing a second powder into a second region of the mold, and consolidating the first powder and the second powder together. The first region of the mold corresponds to a contact portion, and the second region corresponds to an arm portion of the monolithic structure of the circuit breaker.
1. A circuit breaker, comprising:
a monolithic structure comprising:
an arm portion comprising copper; and
a contact portion comprising a composite material, the composite material comprising a metallic matrix and a second phase disposed in the metallic matrix, the composite material having a gradient in chemical composition; and
an interface region disposed between the arm portion and the contact portion, wherein the interface region comprises a eutectic composition.
2. The circuit breaker of claim 1 , wherein the metallic matrix comprises copper, silver, or combinations thereof.
3. The circuit breaker of claim 1 , wherein the second phase comprises a carbide, an oxide, carbon, or combinations thereof.
4. The circuit breaker of claim 1 , wherein the metallic matrix comprises copper and the second phase comprises tungsten carbide.
5. The circuit breaker of claim 1 , wherein the metallic matrix comprises silver and the second phase comprises cadmium oxide.
6. The circuit breaker of claim 1 , wherein the second phase comprises a metal.
7. The circuit breaker of claim 6 , wherein the metallic matrix comprises silver and the second phase comprises nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, or combinations thereof.
8. The circuit breaker of claim 7 , wherein the composite material comprises about 50 wt % to 80 wt % of tungsten.
9. The circuit breaker of claim 6 , wherein the metallic matrix comprises silver.
10. The circuit breaker of claim 1 , wherein the monolithic structure further comprises a binder or sintering aid.
11. The circuit breaker of claim 10 , wherein the binder or the sintering aid comprises zinc, tin, aluminum, magnesium, silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, or combinations thereof.
12. The circuit breaker of claim 1 , wherein the contact portion has less than about 10 volume percent of voids in an interface region.
13. A circuit breaker comprising:
a monolithic structure comprising:
an arm portion comprising copper; and
a contact portion comprising a composite material, the composite material comprising a metallic matrix and a second phase disposed in the metallic matrix, the composite material having a gradient in chemical composition;
wherein the gradient is from an arcing portion of the contact portion to an interface between the arm portion and the contact portion.
14. A circuit breaker, comprising:
a monolithic structure comprising:
an arm portion comprising copper; and
a contact portion comprising a composite material, the composite material comprising a metallic matrix and a second phase disposed in the metallic matrix, the composite material having a gradient in chemical composition;
wherein the gradient is from an arcing portion of the contact portion to a center of the contact portion; and
an interface region disposed between the arm portion and the contact portion, wherein the interface region comprises a eutectic composition.
15. The circuit breaker of claim 14 , wherein the second phase has a higher concentration at the center than at the arcing portion.