Apparatus and methods for calibrating envelope trackers
Apparatus and methods for envelope tracking calibration are provided. In one embodiment, a power amplifier system includes a power amplifier, an envelope tracker that generates the power amplifier's supply voltage, a power detector, and a calibration module. The envelope tracker includes an envelope shaping table generated at a desired gain compression and a scaling module that scales an amplitude of an envelope signal. The power detector measures the power amplifier's output power, and the calibration module provides calibration data to the scaling module to change the scaling of the envelope signal's amplitude. The calibration module sets the calibration data to a first value corresponding to a supply voltage level associated with substantially no gain compression, and reduces the supply voltage level by changing the calibration data until the power detector indicates that the gain compression of the power amplifier is about equal to the desired gain compression.
1. A power amplifier system comprising:
a variable gain amplifier (VGA) configured to amplify a radio frequency (RF) input signal to generate an amplified RF input signal, the VGA having a variable gain;
a power amplifier configured to amplify the amplified RF input signal to generate an RF output signal, the power amplifier configured to receive power from a supply voltage;
an envelope tracker configured to generate the supply voltage, the envelope tracker including a scaling module configured to generate a scaled envelope signal based on a power control level (PCL) signal and an envelope signal that changes in relation to an envelope of the RF input signal, the envelope tracker further including an envelope shaping table including shaping data relating a plurality of scaled envelope signal amplitudes to a plurality of supply voltage levels, the envelope tracker configured to control the voltage level of the supply voltage based on the scaled envelope signal and the envelope shaping table; and
a calibration module including calibration data, the calibration module configured to control the variable gain of the VGA with the calibration data to compensate for an envelope amplitude misalignment of the envelope tracker.
2. The power amplifier system of claim 1 further comprising a multiplier configured to control the variable gain of the VGA based on multiplying the calibration data and a gain control level (GCL) signal.
3. The power amplifier system of claim 1 wherein envelope amplitude misalignment is associated with at least one of an offset voltage or a power amplifier gain error.
4. The power amplifier system of claim 1 wherein the shaping data is generated at a first gain compression of the power amplifier and maps each of the plurality of scaled envelope signal amplitudes to a corresponding one of the plurality of supply voltage levels.
5. The power amplifier system of claim 1 wherein the envelope tracker further includes a modulator configured to generate the supply voltage from a battery voltage based on the shaping data.
6. The power amplifier system of claim 1 further comprising a directional coupler electrically connected to an output of the power amplifier, and a power detector configured to measure an output power of the power amplifier using the directional coupler.
7. The power amplifier system of claim 5 wherein the envelope tracker further includes a digital to analog converter (DAC) configured to generate an analog input signal of the modulator based on the shaping data.
8. A mobile device comprising:
a transceiver configured to generate a radio frequency (RF) input signal, a power control level (PCL) signal, and an envelope signal that changes in relation to an envelope of the RF input signal;
a power amplifier further configured to receive power from a supply voltage, the power amplifier configured to receive an amplified RF input signal and to generate an RF output signal;
an envelope tracker configured to generate the supply voltage, the envelope tracker including a scaling module configured to generate a scaled envelope signal based on the PCL signal and the envelope signal, the envelope tracker further including an envelope shaping table including shaping data relating a plurality of scaled envelope signal amplitudes to a plurality of supply voltage levels, the envelope tracker configured to control the voltage level of the supply voltage based on the scaled envelope signal and the envelope shaping table;
a calibration module including calibration data operable to compensate for an envelope amplitude misalignment of the envelope tracker; and
a variable gain amplifier (VGA) configured to generate the amplified RF input signal based on amplifying the RF input signal from the transceiver, the VGA having a variable gain that is controlled based on the calibration data.
9. The mobile device of claim 8 wherein the transceiver is further configured to generate a gain control level (GCL) signal, the variable gain of the VGA further controlled based on the GCL signal.
10. The mobile device of claim 9 further comprising a multiplier configured to control the variable gain of the VGA based on multiplying the calibration data and the GCL signal.
11. The mobile device of claim 8 wherein envelope amplitude misalignment is associated with at least one of an offset voltage or a power amplifier gain error.
12. The mobile device of claim 8 wherein the shaping data is generated at a first gain compression of the power amplifier and maps each of the plurality of scaled envelope signal amplitudes to a corresponding one of the plurality of supply voltage levels.
13. The mobile device of claim 8 wherein the envelope tracker further includes a modulator configured to generate the supply voltage from a battery voltage using the shaping data.
14. The mobile device of claim 8 wherein the transceiver further includes a power detector configured to detect an output power level of the power amplifier.
15. The mobile device of claim 13 wherein the envelope tracker further includes a digital to analog converter (DAC) configured to generate an analog input signal of the modulator based on the shaping data.
16. The mobile device of claim 14 further comprising a directional coupler electrically connected to an output of the power amplifier, the power detector configured to measure the output power of the power amplifier using the directional coupler.
17. A method of envelope tracking in a power amplifier system, the method comprising:
amplifying a radio frequency (RF) input signal to generate an amplified RF input signal using a variable gain amplifier (VGA);
amplifying the amplified RF input signal to generate an RF output signal using a power amplifier;
generating a supply voltage for the power amplifier using an envelope tracker, generating the supply voltage including generating a scaled envelope signal based on a power control level (PCL) signal and an envelope signal that changes in relation to an envelope of the RF input signal, and controlling the voltage level of the supply voltage based on the scaled envelope signal and an envelope shaping table that includes shaping data relating a plurality of scaled envelope signal amplitudes to a plurality of supply voltage levels; and
controlling a variable gain of the VGA using calibration data of a calibration module to compensate for an envelope amplitude misalignment of the envelope tracker.
18. The method of claim 17 further comprising generating a gain control level (GCL) signal using a transceiver, and controlling the variable gain of the VGA based on multiplying the calibration data and the GCL signal.
19. The method of claim 17 further converting the shaping data into an analog signal using a digital to analog converter (DAC), and generating the supply voltage from a battery voltage using a modulator and the analog signal.
20. The method of claim 17 further comprising generating the PCL signal using a transceiver.