Method for making a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer
A method as disclosed makes a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (cMUT). The method forms a pattern of standing features on a substrate to serve as support walls in the cMUT being made, and further makes a patterned trench from the front side into the substrate at selected locations where separation boundaries of neighboring elements of the cMUT are located. In the process of completing the transducer elements of the cMUT, the method forms a covering layer over the patterned trench to at least temporarily cover the patterned trench. The covering layer seals the patterned trench to prevent other materials from entering during at least a part of the fabrication process.
1. A method for making a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (cMUT) having a plurality of transducer elements on a substrate, the method comprising:
forming a patterned trench from a front side of the substrate to at least partially separate the plurality of transducer elements from each other;
forming a covering layer over the patterned trench to at least temporarily cover the patterned trench; and
completing the cMUT such that the plurality of the transducer elements each have a surface portion including a movable transducing member, the surface portion being on the front side spaced from the substrate to define a transducing gap between the movable transducing member and the substrate.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the covering layer extends to constitute a part of the movable transducing member of each transducer element.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the covering layer includes a membrane layer which is a part of the movable transducing member of each transducer element.
4. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein the membrane layer is conductive.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
forming a second patterned trench from a backside of the substrate to allow flexibility between neighboring transducer elements.
6. The method as recited in claim 5 , further comprising:
filling or partially filling the second trench with a filler material, the filler material allowing flexibility between the neighboring transducer elements.
7. A method for making a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (cMUT), the method comprising:
forming a pattern of standing features on a substrate, the standing features pointing away from the substrate toward a front side and serving as support walls in the cMUT being made;
forming a patterned trench from the front side into the substrate at selected locations where separation boundaries of neighboring transducer elements of the cMUT are located;
forming a covering layer over the patterned trench to at least temporarily cover the patterned trench; and
forming a plurality of transducer elements which are separated from each other by the patterned trench, each transducer element having a surface portion including a movable transducing member, the surface portion being spaced from the substrate to define a transducing gap between the movable transducing member and the substrate.
8. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein the movable transducing member of each transducer element includes a membrane layer placed over the standing features to define the transducing gap.
9. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein the covering layer extends to constitute a part of the movable transducing member of each transducer element.
10. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein the covering layer includes a membrane layer placed over the standing features to define the transducing gap, the membrane layer being a part of the movable transducing member of each transducer element.
11. The method as recited in claim 10 , wherein the membrane layer is conductive.
12. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein:
the covering layer includes a membrane layer and a conductive layer, both placed over the standing features to define the transducing gap, and
the membrane layer and the conductive layer are a part of the movable transducing member of each transducer element.
13. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein forming the plurality of transducer elements comprises:
forming openings through the covering layer to connect to the patterned trench to allow the patterned trench to be accessible from the top.
14. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein the openings are patterned to leave part of the covering layer intact in selected areas to form a hinge structure connecting neighboring transducer elements.
15. The method as recited in claim 13 , further comprising:
filling or partially filling the patterned trench with a filler material.
16. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein the filler material allows flexibility between neighboring transducer elements.
17. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein the filler material has acoustic properties to improve the acoustic decoupling between neighboring transducer elements.
18. The method as recited in claim 7 , further comprising:
forming a second patterned trench from the backside of the substrate to allow flexibility between neighboring transducer elements.
19. The method as recited in claim 18 , further comprising:
filling or partially filling the second trench with a filler material, the filler material allowing flexibility between the neighboring transducer elements.
20. The method as recited in claim 18 , further comprising:
thinning the substrate before forming the second patterned trench.