SHINGLED SOLAR CELL MODULE
A high efficiency configuration for a solar cell module comprises solar cells arranged in a shingled manner to form super cells, which may be arranged to efficiently use the area of the solar module, reduce series resistance, and increase module efficiency.
1 . An apparatus comprising:
a semiconductor wafer having a first surface including a first metallization pattern along a first outside edge, and a second metallization pattern along a second outside edge opposite to the first outside edge, the semiconductor wafer further comprising a first scribe line between the first metallization pattern and the second metallization pattern.
2 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises a discrete contact pad.
3 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises a first finger pointing away from the first outside edge toward the second metallization pattern.
4 . An apparatus as in claim 3 wherein the first metallization pattern further comprises a bus bar running along the first outside edge and intersecting the first finger.
5 . An apparatus as in claim 4 wherein the second metallization pattern comprises:
a second finger pointing away from the second outside edge toward the first metallization pattern; and
a second bus bar running along the second outside edge and intersecting the second finger.
6 . An apparatus as in claim 3 further comprising an electrically conductive adhesive running along the first outside edge and in contact with the first finger.
7 . An apparatus as in claim 3 wherein the first metallization pattern further comprises a first bypass conductor.
8 . An apparatus as in claim 3 wherein the first metallization pattern further comprises a first end conductor.
9 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises silver.
10 . An apparatus as in claim 9 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises silver paste.
11 . An apparatus as in claim 9 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises discrete contacts.
12 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises tin, aluminum, or another conductor less expensive than silver.
13 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises copper.
14 . An apparatus as in claim 13 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises electroplated copper.
15 . An apparatus as in claim 13 further comprising a passivation scheme to reduce recombination.
16 . An apparatus as in claim 1 further comprising:
a third metallization pattern on the first surface of the semiconductor wafer not proximate to the first outside edge or to the second outside edge; and
a second scribe line between the third metallization pattern and the second metallization pattern, wherein the first scribe line is between the first metallization pattern and the third metallization pattern.
17 . An apparatus as in claim 16 wherein a ratio comprising:
a first width defined between first scribe line and the second scribe line/a length of the semiconductor wafer,
is between about 1:2 to about 1:20.
18 . An apparatus as in claim 17 wherein the length is about 156 mm or about 125 mm.
19 . An apparatus as in claim 17 wherein the semiconductor wafer includes chamfered corners.
20 . An apparatus as in claim 19 wherein:
the first scribe line defines with the first outside edge, a first rectangular region comprising two chamfered corners and the first metallization pattern, the first rectangular region having an area corresponding to a product of the length and a second width greater than the first width, minus a combined area of the two chamfered corners; and
the second scribe line defines with the first scribe line, a second rectangular region not including chamfered corners and including the third metallization pattern, the second rectangular region having the area corresponding to a product of the length and the first width.
21 . An apparatus as in claim 16 wherein the third metallization pattern comprises a finger pointing toward the second metallization pattern.
22 . An apparatus as in claim 1 further comprising a third metallization pattern on a second surface of the semiconductor wafer opposite to the first surface.
23 . An apparatus as in claim 22 wherein the third metallization pattern comprises a contact pad proximate to a location of the first scribe line.
24 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the first scribe line is formed by a laser.
25 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the first scribe line is in the first surface.
26 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein first metallization pattern comprises a feature configured to confine spreading of an electrically conducting adhesive.
27 . An apparatus as in claim 26 wherein the feature comprises a raised feature.
28 . An apparatus as in claim 27 wherein the first metallization pattern comprises a contact pad, and the feature comprises a dam abutting and taller than the contact pad.
29 . An apparatus as in claim 26 wherein the feature comprises a recessed feature.
30 . An apparatus as in claim 29 wherein the recessed feature comprises a moat.
31 . An apparatus as in claim 26 further comprising the electrically conducting adhesive in contact with the first metallization pattern.
32 . An apparatus as in claim 31 wherein the electrically conducting adhesive is printed.
33 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the semiconductor wafer comprises silicon.
34 . An apparatus as in claim 33 wherein the semiconductor wafer comprises crystalline silicon.
35 . An apparatus as in claim 33 wherein the first surface is of n-type conductivity.
36 . An apparatus as in claim 33 wherein the first surface is of p-type conductivity.
37 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein:
the first metallization pattern is 5 mm or less from the first outside edge; and
the second metallization pattern is 5 mm or less from the second outside edge.
38 . An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the semiconductor wafer includes chamfered corners, and the first metallization pattern comprises a tapered portion extending around a chamfered corner.
39 . An apparatus as in claim 38 wherein the tapered portion comprises a bus bar.
40 . An apparatus as in claim 38 wherein the tapered portion comprises a conductor connecting a discrete contact pad.