Methods for fluid flow through body passages

1. A method of diverting fluid flow from a first passage to a second passage, the method comprising:

forming a third passage between the first passage and the second passage, wherein the first passage is an artery and the second passage is a vein and wherein the first passage is substantially parallel to the second passage, wherein forming the third passage comprises:

inserting a first catheter in the first passage upstream of an occlusion site;

inserting a second catheter in the second passage; and

deploying a needle from the first catheter through tissue between the first passage and the second passage, and into the second passage, wherein deploying the needle comprises guiding the needle using an ultrasound transmitter;

deploying a device in the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage, the device comprising:

a first end portion having a first end diameter, the first end portion having a first length along the longitudinal axis, the first end portion being substantially cylindrical;

a second end portion having a second end diameter larger than the first end diameter, the second end portion having a second length along the longitudinal axis;

an intermediate portion between the first end portion and the second end portion, the intermediate portion tapering between the first end portion and the second end portion, the intermediate portion having a third length along the longitudinal axis; and

a graft material coupled to at least the intermediate portion;

wherein deploying the device in the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage comprises:

inserting a guidewire through the needle;

retracting the needle, the first catheter, and the second catheter;

guiding a delivery catheter carrying the device in a non-expanded state to the third passage using the guidewire; and

deploying the device from the delivery catheter, wherein deploying the device from the delivery catheter comprises:

expanding the first end portion against sidewalls of the first passage;

expanding the second end portion against sidewalls of the second passage, wherein expanding one of the first end portion and the second end portion comprises allowing self-expansion of the one of the first end portion and the second end portion and wherein expanding the other of the first end portion and the second end portion comprises balloon expanding the other of the first end portion and the second end portion; and

expanding the intermediate portion.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first passage is a coronary artery and the second passage is a coronary vein.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first passage is a peripheral artery and the second passage is a peripheral vein.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising dilating the third passage.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein expanding the intermediate portion comprises the dilating the third passage.

6. A method of diverting fluid flow from a first passage to a second passage, the method comprising:

forming a third passage between the first passage and the second passage;

deploying a device in the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage, the device comprising:

a first end portion having a first end diameter, the first end portion having a first length along the longitudinal axis;

a second end portion having a second end diameter larger than the first end diameter, the second end portion having a second length along the longitudinal axis, wherein at least one of the first end portion and the second end portion is substantially cylindrical;

an intermediate portion between the first end portion and the second end portion, the intermediate portion having a third length along the longitudinal axis; and

a polymer material coupled to at least the intermediate portion;

wherein deploying the device in the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage comprises:

expanding the first end portion against sidewalls of the first passage;

expanding the second end portion against sidewalls of the second passage, wherein expanding at least one of the first end portion and the second end portion comprises allowing self-expansion of at least one of the first end portion and the second end portion and wherein expanding at least one of the first end portion and the second end portion comprises balloon expanding at least one of the first end portion and the second end portion; and

expanding the intermediate portion.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the first passage is an artery and the second passage is a vein.

8. The method of claim 6 , further comprising dilating the third passage.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein expanding the intermediate portion comprises the dilating the third passage.

10. The method of claim 6 ,

wherein forming the third passage comprises:

inserting a first catheter in the first passage upstream of an occlusion site;

inserting a second catheter in the second passage; and

deploying a needle from the first catheter through tissue between the first passage and the second passage, and into the second passage, and

wherein deploying the device in the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage further comprises:

inserting a guidewire through the needle;

retracting the needle and the catheter;

guiding a delivery catheter carrying the device to the third passage using the guidewire; and

deploying the device from the delivery catheter.