Reversibly masked polymers
The present invention is directed to reversibly inactivated membrane active polymers useful for cellular delivery of compounds. Described are polyconjugate systems that incorporate targeting, anti-opsonization, anti-aggregation, and transfection activities into small biocompatible in vivo delivery conjugates. The use of multiple reversible linkages connecting component parts provides for physiologically responsive activity modulation.
1. A compound comprising:
wherein P is a polyamine, L is a physiologically labile linkage, M 1 comprises a targeting group, M 2 comprises a steric stabilizer, y is an integer greater than or equal to one, z is an integer greater than or equal to zero, the value of y+z is greater than 50% of the number of amines of P, N comprises a RNA interference polynucleotide, and N and P are linked by a covalent bond.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein P is a membrane active polyamine.
3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L is —NH—CO—C(R)═C(M)-COO − or —NH—CO—C(L)=C(M)-COO − , wherein the nitrogen is derived from a primary amine of P, M is M 1 or M 2 , and R is an alkyl group.
4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L is an enzymatically cleavable bond.
5. The compound of claim 2 , wherein P comprises a heteropolymer of primary amine-containing monomers and hydrophobic group-containing monomers.
6. The compound of claim 5 , wherein P comprises the structure:
-(A)-(B)—(C)—
wherein, A contains a pendent amine-containing group, B contains a first hydrophobic pendant group, C contains a second hydrophobic pendent group, and B and C are different.
7. The compound of claim 6 , wherein said first hydrophobic pendent group and the second hydrophobic pendant group are each independently selected from the groups consisting of: substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group, substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted aralkenyl group, and substituted or unsubstituted aralkynyl group.
8. The compound of claim 5 , wherein the hydrophobic group-containing monomer has two to about six carbon atoms.
9. The compound of claim 7 , wherein the first hydrophobic pendent group contains two to about six carbon atoms and the second hydrophobic pendent group contains eight or more carbon atoms.
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is soluble in aqueous solution at 1 mg/ml or greater.
11. The compound of claim 10 , wherein the P is soluble in aqueous solution at 1 mg/ml or greater.
12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the targeting group has affinity for a cell surface receptor.
13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the steric stabilizer is a polyethylene glycol.
14. The compound of claim 1 , wherein y and z are each greater than or equal to one.
15. The compound of claim 13 , wherein the polyethylene glycol contains 2-20 ethylene glycol units.
16. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the targeting group is selected from the group consisting of: a compound with affinity to cell surface protein, a cell receptor ligand, an antibody with affinity to a cell surface molecule, a cell receptor ligand, a saccharide, a galactose, a galactose derivative, N-acetylgalactosamine, mannose, a mannose derivative, a vitamin, folate, biotin, a peptide, an RGD-containing peptide, insulin, an aptamer, and EGF.
17. The compound of claim 1 , wherein P is biodegradable.
18. The compound of claim 17 , wherein P contains biodegradable bonds within the backbone of the polyamine.
19. The compound of claim 17 , wherein P contains biodegradable bonds within sidechains of the polyamine.
20. The compound of claim 1 , wherein P is selected from the group consisting of: poly(acrylate), modified poly(alcohol), modified poly(vinyl alcohol), modified poly(lysine), modified poly(amine), modified poly(allylamine), modified poly(vinyl amine), modified poly(amino acid), poly(β-aminoester) and poly(vinyl ether).
21. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the RNA interference polynucleotide is linked to P via a second physiologically labile bond.
22. The compound of claim 21 , wherein the second physiologically labile linkage is orthogonal to L.