Liquid Toner Dispersion and Use Thereof
The liquid toner dispersion comprises marking particles to which dispersing agent is bound for dispersing the marking particles in a substantially non-polar carrier liquid. The dispersing agent is of a hyper-dispersant type comprising an anchor group for binding to a marking particle and stabilizing groups coupled to the anchor group for stabilizing said marking particle in the carrier liquid. The dispersion further comprises a spacer agent that comprises a polar head group and a substantially non-polar tail, and that acts as a spacer of the marking particles.
1 . Liquid toner dispersion comprising marking particles to which dispersing agent is bound for dispersing said marking particles in a substantially non-polar carrier liquid, which dispersing agent is of a hyper-dispersant type comprising an anchor group for binding to a marking particle and stabilizing groups coupled to said anchor group for stabilizing said marking particle in the carrier liquid, wherein the dispersion further comprises a spacer agent that comprises a polar head group and a substantially non-polar tail, and that acts as a spacer of the marking particles, and wherein the spacer agent has a molecular weight of at least 800 g/mol.
2 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the spacer agent has a molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mol.
3 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said spacer agent acts as a spacer of marking particles in an excess liquid toner dispersion that is obtainable from said liquid toner dispersion by a charging treatment and subsequent selective transfer of the dispersion or portions thereof from a first member to a further member, wherein the excess liquid toner dispersion remains present on the first member.
4 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polar head group of the spacer agent is chosen from the group consisting of acids, anhydrides and amides.
5 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the spacer agent is structurally branched.
6 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the tail of the spacer agent has a carbon-based chain provided with one or more side-chains.
7 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the tail of the spacer agent is a polymer comprising a plurality of repetitive units and wherein the spacer agent has a weight average molecular weight of less than 5000 g/mol.
8 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the spacer agent has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of 1000-4000 g/mol.
9 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 7 , wherein each repetitive unit of the polymer comprises a chemical group suitable for interaction with the stabilizing group of said dispersing agent, which extends into the carrier liquid.
10 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the repetitive unit comprises an aliphatic ester.
11 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the spacer agent is a fatty acid polymer.
12 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the fatty acid polymer has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of 1000-3600 g/mol
13 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the fatty acid polymer has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of 1800-3600 g/mol.
14 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the spacer agent is present in an amount less than 12.5 wt % relative to the amount of marking particles.
15 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the spacer agent is present in an amount of 2-8 wt % relative to the amount of marking particles.
16 . The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the tail of the spacer agent is a branched polyolefin.
17 . Method of digitally printing comprising the steps of:
charging a liquid toner dispersion comprising marking particles to which dispersing agent is bound for dispersing said marking particles in a substantially non-polar carrier liquid, which dispersing agent is of a hyper-dispersant type comprising an anchor group for binding to a marking particle and stabilizing groups coupled to said anchor group for stabilizing said marking particle in the carrier liquid;
transferring the charged liquid toner dispersion imagewise from a first member optionally via at least one further member to a substrate, wherein excess liquid toner dispersion remains present on the first member after said imagewise transfer;
removing, at least substantially, the excess liquid toner dispersion from the first member, wherein a spacer agent is present that comprises a polar head group and a substantially non-polar tail, and that acts as a spacer of the marking particles, and wherein the spacer agent has a molecular weight of at least 800 g/mol.
18 . The method as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the spacer agent is added to the liquid toner dispersion or to the excess liquid toner dispersion.
19 . The method as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the polar head group of the spacer agent is chosen from the group consisting of acids, anhydrides and amides.
20 . A method of printing comprising:
charging a liquid toner dispersion comprising marking particles and a space agent; and
transferring the charged liquid toner dispersion imagewise from a first member to a substrate, wherein the space agent acts in spacing apart the marking particles, the space agent comprising a polar head group and a substantially non-polar tail and a molecular weight of at least 800 g/mol.