Liquid toner dispersion and use thereof

1. A liquid toner dispersion provided with marking particles comprising a pigment and a polyester based resin, said dispersion comprising a nonpolar organic carrier liquid and a hyper-dispersant comprising a graft copolymer provided with an anchor group comprising an amine-functionalized polymer onto which stabilizing groups are grafted, which anchor group is anchored on a surface of a marking particle, wherein a first stabilizing group and a second stabilizing group are grafted to the anchor group, wherein the first stabilizing group is a hydroxylated fatty acid compound and the second stabilizing group is polyolefin that is modified with a reactive linkage group.

2. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polyolefin is derived from branched monomers.

3. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the branched monomer is isobutylene.

4. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydroxylated fatty acid compound is an oligomer with a degree of polymerisation of 2-10.

5. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the oligomer has a degree of polymerisation of 2-5.

6. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid compound is a monomer.

7. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the stabilizing groups coupled to the anchor group has a molecular weight of at least 800 g/mol.

8. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the anchor group has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of less than 10,000 g/mol.

9. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the anchor group has a weight-average molecular weight of at most 1500 g/mol.

10. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the amine-functionalized polymer is chosen from the group of polyethyleneimine and polyallylamine.

11. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the copolymer has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of 1500-40,000 g/mol.

12. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the copolymer has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of 3000-10,000 g/mol.

13. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the fatty acid compound species grafted as a stabilizing group onto the anchor group have a molecular weight in the range of 500-2000 g/mol.

14. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the first and the second stabilizing groups is in the range of 0.25-2.

15. The liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydroxylated fatty acid compound is derived from a hydroxylated fatty acid with a chain length in the range of C12-C26.

16. A method of preparing a liquid toner dispersion provided with marking particles comprising a pigment and a polyester based resin, said dispersion comprising a nonpolar organic carrier liquid and a hyper-dispersant comprising a graft copolymer provided with an anchor group comprising an amine-functionalized polymer onto which stabilizing groups are grafted, which anchor group is anchored on a surface of a marking particle, comprising the steps of:

preparing the amine functionalized polymer;

preparing the graft copolymer comprising the steps of coupling a polyolefin modified with a reactive linkage group onto the amine-functionalized polymer, and coupling a hydroxylated fatty acid compound onto the amine-functionalized polymer; and

mixing the hyper-dispersant with the nonpolar organic carrier liquid and marking particles.

17. The method as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the grafting of the hydroxylated fatty acid compound comprises a first step, wherein an acid-base pair of the hydroxylated fatty acid compound and the amine-functionalized polymer is formed, and a second step, wherein the acid-base pair is converted into the polymer.

18. The method as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the polyolefin grafted onto the amine-functionalized polymer is branched.

19. A method of digitally printing a liquid toner dispersion, wherein use is made of a first member that rotates and is in rotational contact with a further member during printing, which printing method comprises the steps of:

charging a liquid toner dispersion as claimed in claim 1 to facilitate transfer thereof from the first member to the further member;

transferring the charged liquid toner dispersion from a surface of the first member via the at least one further member to a substrate, wherein excess liquid toner dispersion remains present on the first member after said transfer, and wherein the liquid toner dispersion is fused to obtain a fused film on the substrate, and;

removing, at least substantially, the excess liquid toner dispersion from the surface of the first member by means of a removal device.