Bi-directional recoil containment and double strike prevention system
An active soft recoil control system that provides a bi-directional recoil containment and double strike prevention, which improves recoil force management, reduces the potential for “short” rounds, results in a more compact and lighter weight weapon, and increases the uniform performance of the heavy weapon at temperature extremes and steep cants. Furthermore, the present system provides for a mechanism that enables safer firing pin retraction and reduces the potential for unintentionally striking the primer and initiating the round during misfire operations.
1. An active soft recoil control system for use with a mortar weapon system including a breech, and an extendible firing pin, and further employing an entire recoiling mass for initiating mortar cartridge rounds at high quadrant elevation angles exceeding 80 degrees above the horizontal without a misfired round falling back and striking a stationary forward face of the breech causing damage and becoming initiated by an unretracted firing pin, the active soft recoil control system comprising:
a bi-directional recoil containment mechanism that is secured to the recoiling mass, and that includes:
a rammer;
a plurality of pistons that surround the rammer;
wherein the rammer is axially disposed relative to the plurality of pistons; and
a rear bracket that engages and retains the plurality of pistons;
wherein at least one piston of the plurality of pistons includes:
a hollow, tubular cylinder:
an elastic element disposed within the cylinder, intermediate a recoil piston and a counter recoil piston;
wherein the elastic element is allowed to be compressed, axially, bi-directionally, within the cylinder, between the recoil piston and the counter-recoil piston, in order to absorb recoil energy when the recoil containment mechanism is in a recoil state, and to further absorb counter-recoil energy when the recoil containment mechanism is in a counter-recoil state;
a firing pin assembly;
a pin retraction mechanism; and
wherein the pin retraction mechanism includes:
a firing cam that travels along a stationary firing cam path by means of a firing cam roller; and
a safeing cam that travels along a stationary safeing cam path by means of a safeing cam roller.
2. The active soft recoil control system of claim 1 , wherein the elastic element is not compressed when the bi-directional recoil containment mechanism is in a free state.
3. The active soft recoil control system of claim 2 , wherein when the bi-directional recoil containment mechanism is in the recoil state, the elastic element translates axially, within the cylinder, along a recoil direction.
4. The active soft recoil control system of claim 3 , wherein when the bi-directional recoil containment mechanism is in the counter-recoil state, the elastic element translates axially, within the cylinder, along a counter-recoil direction.
5. The active soft recoil control system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of pistons includes two pistons.
6. The active soft recoil control system of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of pistons includes four pistons.
7. The active soft recoil control system of claim 1 , wherein at least some of the plurality of pistons are similar in design and function.
8. The active soft recoil control system of claim 7 , wherein at least some of the plurality of pistons are dissimilar in design and function.
9. The active soft recoil control system of claim 1 , wherein the elastic element includes at least one ring spring.
10. The active soft recoil control system of claim 9 , wherein said at least one piston further includes a ring spring preload spacer that acts as a compression wall for said at least one ring spring, to limit a bi-directional range of travel of the ring spring within the cylinder.
11. The active soft recoil control system of claim 1 , further comprising a double strike prevention system.
12. The active soft recoil control system of claim 11 , wherein the double strike prevention system includes:
the firing pin assembly; and
the pin retraction mechanism that permits the firing pin to be safely removed during a misfire condition.
13. The active soft recoil control system of claim 12 , wherein the pin retraction mechanism automatically retracts the firing pin at the end of a first recoil state of the bi-directional recoil containment mechanism.
14. The active soft recoil control system of claim 13 , wherein the firing cam path and the safeing cam path control the motion of the firing cam and the safeing cam during a forward motion and a rearward motion of the recoiling mass.
15. The active soft recoil control system of claim 14 , wherein the travel of the safeing cam prevents the firing pin from protruding until the recoiling mass has moved to a firing position where pin protrusion is desirable; and
wherein as the recoiling mass has reached the firing position, the safeing cam rotate in position, to permit the firing pin to protrude.
16. The active soft recoil control system of claim 15 , wherein following the protrusion of the firing pin, the pin retraction mechanism causes the firing pin to be retracted.
17. The active soft recoil control system of claim 1 , further comprising a recoil brake mechanism that absorbs excess energy in order to control a forward velocity and a rearward velocity of the recoiling mass.