Multi-sensor (MIMO) head having a back side antiferromagnetic middle shield

1. A magnetic head, comprising:

a lower magnetic shield positioned at a media facing surface of the head;

a lower sensor positioned above the lower magnetic shield, the lower sensor comprising a lower free layer;

a middle magnetic shield positioned above the lower sensor at the media facing surface of the head; and

a back side antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer positioned behind the lower free layer in an element height direction and in direct contact with the middle magnetic shield, the back side AFM layer being configured to provide magnetic stabilization for the middle magnetic shield.

2. The magnetic head as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a side shield positioned on sides of the lower sensor in a cross-track direction, the side shield having magnetic anisotropy provided by the AFM layer through the middle magnetic shield, the side shield and the middle magnetic shield providing a bias field to the free layer.

3. The magnetic head as recited in claim 1 , wherein the lower sensor further comprises:

a pinned layer positioned above the lower magnetic shield at the media facing surface; and

a spacer layer positioned above the pinned layer and below the lower free layer.

4. The magnetic head as recited in claim 3 , wherein the spacer layer comprises MgO when the lower sensor is a tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensor, and wherein the spacer layer comprises Ag when the lower sensor is a giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensor.

5. The magnetic head as recited in claim 3 , wherein the pinned layer extends beyond the back side AFM layer in the element height direction.

6. The magnetic head as recited in claim 3 , wherein the back side AFM layer has a thickness at least as great as the lower free layer.

7. The magnetic head as recited in claim 1 , further comprising at least one upper sensor positioned above the lower sensor and offset from the lower sensor in a cross-track direction by less than a width of the lower sensor, wherein a portion of the lower sensor and a portion of each of the at least one upper sensor are aligned in a track direction perpendicular to the cross-track direction.

8. The magnetic head as recited in claim 7 , wherein a distance between the at least one upper sensor and the lower sensor in the track direction along the media facing surface of the head is about 46 nm or less.

9. The magnetic head as recited in claim 7 , further comprising an upper magnetic shield positioned above the at least one upper sensor.

10. The magnetic head as recited in claim 7 , wherein the at least one upper sensor is a dual free sensor comprising two free layers, and wherein the lower sensor is a conventional sensor comprising a pinned layer.

11. The magnetic head as recited in claim 1 , wherein the lower sensor comprises:

a first free layer positioned above the lower magnetic shield at the media facing surface;

a spacer layer positioned above the first free layer; and

a second free layer positioned above the spacer layer.

12. The magnetic head as recited in claim 1 , wherein no portion of the back side AFM layer is positioned at the media facing surface.

13. A magnetic data storage system, comprising:

at least one magnetic head as recited in claim 1 ;

a magnetic medium;

a drive mechanism for passing the magnetic medium over the at least one magnetic head; and

a controller electrically coupled to the at least one magnetic head for controlling operation of the at least one magnetic head.

14. A method for forming a magnetic head as recited in claim 1 , the method comprising:

forming a lower magnetic shield at a media facing surface;

forming a lower sensor above the lower magnetic shield at the media facing surface, the lower sensor comprising a lower free layer;

forming a back side antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer behind the lower free layer in an element height direction; and

forming a middle magnetic shield above the lower sensor at the media facing surface of the head and in direct contact with the back side AFM layer,

wherein the back side AFM layer is configured to provide magnetic stabilization for the middle magnetic shield.

15. The method as recited in claim 14 , wherein forming the lower sensor comprises:

forming a pinned layer above the lower magnetic shield; and

forming a spacer layer above the pinned layer and below the lower free layer.

16. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein the spacer layer comprises MgO when the lower sensor is a tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensor, and wherein the spacer layer comprises Ag when the lower sensor is a giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensor.

17. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein the pinned layer extends beyond the back side AFM layer in the element height direction.

18. The method as recited in claim 14 , wherein the back side AFM layer has a thickness at least as great as the lower free layer, and further comprising forming a side shield on sides of the lower sensor in a cross-track direction, the side shield having magnetic anisotropy provided by the AFM layer through the middle magnetic shield, the side shield and the middle magnetic shield providing a bias field to the free layer.

19. The method as recited in claim 14 , further comprising:

forming at least one upper sensor at the media facing surface above the middle magnetic shield and offset from the lower sensor in a cross-track direction; and

forming an upper magnetic shield above the at least one upper sensor,

wherein a distance between the at least one upper sensor and the lower sensor in a track direction perpendicular to the cross-track direction along the media facing surface of the head is about 46 nm or less.

20. The method as recited in claim 14 , wherein forming the lower sensor comprises:

forming a first free layer above the lower magnetic shield at the media facing surface; and

forming a spacer layer above the first free layer and below the lower free layer.