Electrochemical system with real time modification of composition and use of complex wave form in same

1. A method of heat transfer comprising the steps of:

a. providing an electrochemical compression system comprising:

i. an electrochemical cell comprising:

a membrane electrode assembly comprising:

a low pressure side;

a high pressure side;

a first electrode on the low pressure side;

a second electrode on a high pressure side:

proton exchange membrane;

wherein the proton exchange membrane is configured between the first and second electrodes; and wherein the electrochemical cell has an operating voltage across the first and second electrodes:

ii. a working fluid comprising:

an electro-active component comprising hydrogen;

a co-working fluid;

iii. a controller coupled with the electrochemical and also coupled with a power supply,

whereby the controller controls the operating voltage and wherein the operating voltage is a waveform;

iv. a continuous conduit coupling the low pressure side to the high pressure side;

whereby said working fluid flows through said conduit;

v. a condenser in-line with said conduit to receive said working fluid from the high pressure side of the electrochemical cell; and

vi. an evaporator figured in-line with said conduit to receive said working fluid from said condenser;

b. operating the electrochemical cell in an electrolysis mode for an electrolysis time interval of the operating voltage waveform,

wherein the operating voltage is more negative than −1.23V and a plurality of in situ hydrogen is produced on the low pressure side; and

wherein hydrogen and hydroxyl ions are produced on the first electrode and oxygen and hydronium ions are produced on the second electrode;

c. subsequently operating the electrochemical cell in a compressor mode for a compressor time interval of the operating voltage waveform;

whereby the operating voltage is more than 0.01V; and reacting said plurality of in situ hydrogen on the first electrode to produce a plurality of hydronium ions;

d. transferring said hydronium ions across the proton exchange membrane to increase the pressure on the high pressure side;

e. forcing the working fluid through said conduit from the high pressure side to the condenser wherein the working fluid is compressed to generate a heat that is exchanged with a heat sink;

f. forcing the working fluid from the condenser to the evaporator wherein the pressure of the working fluid is reduced and whereby heat is exchanged with a heat source.

2. The method of heat transfer of claim 1 , wherein the operating voltage is −1.5 or more negative when operating in electrolysis mode.

3. The method of heat transfer of claim 2 , wherein the proton exchange membrane comprises perfluorosulfonic acid polymer.

4. The method of heat transfer of claim 1 , wherein the step of providing an electrochemical compression system further comprises providing a control program of the controller, wherein the controller automatically controls the operating waveform by the control program.

5. The method of heat transfer of claim 4 , wherein the step of providing an electrochemical compression system further comprises providing a pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure within the conduit and coupled with the controller to provide a pressure input reading, and wherein the controller automatically controls the operating waveform by the control program and as a function of the sensor pressure input.