Use of remnant lipoprotein in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease
The present disclosure provides a variety of methods based on the determination of cholesterol concentration in remnant lipoprotein and/or the determination of a remnant lipoprotein level in a sample from a subject. Such methods include, but are not limited to, a method of predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease, a method for evaluating a subject for treatment for a cardiovascular disease and a method for determining if a subject is suffering from cardiovascular disease.
1. A method for evaluating a subject for treatment for a cardiovascular disease, the method comprising receiving a sample from the subject; subjecting the sample to ultracentrifugation to separate remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein from all other lipoproteins in the sample; determining a cholesterol concentration in the remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein separated from the sample; and initiating treatment for a cardiovascular disease if the cholesterol concentration in the remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein is greater than 30 mg/dl.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the IDL lipoprotein concentration in the remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein is greater than 20 mg/dl.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the VLDL3 lipoprotein concentration in the remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein is greater than 10 mg/dl.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the remnant lipoprotein consists essentially of IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultracentrifugation is density gradient ultracentrifugation and the density gradient is formed using a bottom layer having a density from 1.15 to 1.25 g/ml and a top layer having a density of 1.0 to 1.10 g/ml.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cardiovascular disease is myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, coronary artery disease, coronary death, coronary insufficiency, angina pectoris or atherosclerosis.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is an African-American.
9. A method for evaluating a subject for treatment for a cardiovascular disease, the method comprising receiving a sample from the subject; subjecting the sample to ultracentrifugation to separate remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein from all other lipoproteins in the sample; determining a cholesterol concentration in the remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein separated from the sample; and increasing monitoring of the health of the subject, initiating preventive measures in the subject, initiating lifestyle changes in the subject to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease or a combination of the foregoing if the cholesterol concentration in the remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein is greater than 30 mg/dl.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the IDL lipoprotein concentration in the remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein is greater than 20 mg/dl.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the VLDL3 lipoprotein concentration in the remnant lipoprotein containing IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein is greater than 10 mg/dl.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the remnant lipoprotein consists essentially of IDL lipoprotein and VLDL3 lipoprotein.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the subject is a human.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the ultracentrifugation is density gradient ultracentrifugation and the density gradient is formed using a bottom layer having a density from 1.15 to 1.25 g/ml and a top layer having a density of 1.0 to 1.10 g/ml.
15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the cardiovascular disease is myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, coronary artery disease, coronary death, coronary insufficiency, angina pectoris or atherosclerosis.
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein the subject is an African-American.