Golf ball incorporating metallic film and method of making
View Patent ↗A golf ball of the invention comprises: a substrate layer formed from at least one of a thermoset or thermoplastic composition and having an outer surface that is pre-modified with a catalytic coating; a metallic film that is formed about the outer surface by contacting the catalytic coating with a mixture comprising: (i) at least one aqueous and/or organic aerosol comprising at least one metal in cationic/oxidizing form; and (ii) at least one reducing agent; and a subsequent layer surrounding the metallic film and formed from at least one of a thermoset composition or a thermoplastic composition. Alternatively, the outer surface is not pre-modified. The subsequent layer may be formed about the metallic film or in some embodiments may surround a coating layer that is disposed between the metallic film and the subsequent layer.
1. A golf ball comprising:
a substrate layer formed from at least one of a thermoset or thermoplastic composition and having an outer surface that is modified with a catalytic coating; and
a metallic film that is formed about the outer surface by contacting the catalytic coating with a mixture M 1 comprising: (i) at least one aqueous and/or organic aerosol comprising at least one metal in cationic/oxidizing form; and (ii) at least one reducing agent; and
a subsequent layer surrounding the metallic film and formed from at least one of a thermoset composition or a thermoplastic composition wherein a catalytic coating is also disposed between the metallic film and the subsequent layer; and
wherein interactions at an interface between the metallic film and each of the substrate layer and the subsequent layer promote adhesion there between.
2. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic coating is chemisorbed at the outer surface.
3. The golf ball of claim 2 , wherein the catalytic coating comprises a coupling agent selected from titanates, aluminates, silanes, zirconates, zircoaluminates or mixtures thereof.
4. The golf ball of claim 2 , wherein the catalytic coating further comprises a wetting liquid.
5. The golf ball of claim 4 , wherein the wetting liquid is selected from the group consisting of: deionized water; non-deionized water; deionized water containing at least one anionic, cationic or neutral surfactant; non-deionized water containing at least one anionic, cationic or neutral surfactant; a solution comprising at least one alcohol; and mixtures thereof.
6. The golf ball of claim 5 , wherein the substrate layer is contacted with the catalytic coating by at least one of: spraying the catalytic coating onto the outer surface; or dipping the outer surface in the catalytic coating.
7. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of: silver, gold, copper, nickel, zinc, cobalt, tin, boron, tungsten, and combinations thereof.
8. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of: sodium borohydrides, dimethylamine borane, hydrazine, sodium hypophosphite, formol, lithium aluminium hydrides, reducing sugars and mixtures thereof.
9. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the metallic film has a thickness of from about 0.1 μm to about 50 μm.
10. The golf ball of claim 3 , wherein the metallic film is substantially homogenous.
11. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the subsequent layer is formed from a polyurethane composition.
12. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein a different metallic film is disposed between the metallic film and the subsequent layer.
13. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein a different metallic film is disposed between the coating layer and the subsequent layer.
14. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the substrate layer comprises a core layer.
15. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the substrate layer comprises an intermediate layer.
16. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the substrate layer comprises a cover layer.
17. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the metallic film has a moisture vapor transmission rate that is lower than a moisture vapor transmission rate of the subsequent layer.
18. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the metallic film is an inner cover layer and is surrounded by an outer cover layer comprising a polyurethane composition.
19. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the metallic film has a moisture vapor transmission rate that is lower than a moisture vapor transmission rate of the substrate layer.
20. A golf ball comprising:
a substrate layer having an outer surface; and
a metallic film that is formed about the outer surface by contacting the outer surface with a mixture M 2 comprising: (i) a coupling agent; (ii) at least one aqueous and/or organic aerosol comprising at least one metal in cationic (oxidizing) form; and (iii) at least one reducing agent; and
a subsequent layer surrounding the metallic film and formed from at least one of a thermoset composition or a thermoplastic composition;
wherein interactions at an interface between the metallic film and each of the substrate layer and subsequent layer promote adhesion.
21. The golf ball of claim 20 , wherein the metallic film has a thickness of from about 0.1 μm to about 50 μm.
22. The golf ball of claim 20 , wherein the metallic film is substantially homogenous.
23. The golf ball of claim 20 , wherein the substrate layer is contacted with mixture M 2 by at least one of: spraying the mixture onto the outer surface; or dipping the outer surface in mixture M 2 .
24. The golf ball of claim 20 , wherein the metallic film has a moisture vapor transmission rate that is lower than a moisture vapor transmission rate of the substrate layer.
25. The golf ball of claim 20 , wherein the metallic film has a moisture vapor transmission rate that is lower than a moisture vapor transmission rate of the subsequent layer.