Methods and compositions for preventing or treating ophthalmic conditions
The disclosure generally describes methods of preventing or treating ophthalmic diseases or conditions in a mammalian subject, such as diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, retinal degeneration, and oxygen-induced retinopathy. The methods comprise administering an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide to subjects in need thereof.
1. A method for treating an ophthalmic condition in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a peptide represented by the formula D-Arg-2′6′-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH 2 or Phe-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH 2 , wherein the ophthalmic condition is selected from the group consisting of: retinal edema and retinal vascular occlusions, and wherein the subject is diagnosed as having or suspected of having said ophthalmic condition.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peptide is D-Arg-2′6′-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH 2 .
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peptide is Phe-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH 2 .
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peptide is administered intraocularly, iontophoretically, orally, topically, systemically, intravenously, subcutaneously, or intramuscularly.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peptide is administration separately, sequentially, or simultaneously with a second active agent.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the second active agent is selected from the group consisting of: an antioxidant, a metal complexer, an anti-inflammatory drug, an antibiotic, and an antihistamine.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the antioxidant is vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, lycopene, selenium, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q, glutathione, or a carotenoid.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the second active agent is selected from the group consisting of: aceclidine, acetazolamide, anecortave, apraclonidine, atropine, azapentacene, azelastine, bacitracin, befunolol, betamethasone, betaxolol, bimatoprost, brimonidine, brinzolamide, carbachol, carteolol, celecoxib, chloramphenicol, chlortetracycline, ciprofloxacin, cromoglycate, cromolyn, cyclopentolate, cyclosporin, dapiprazole, demecarium, dexamethasone, diclofenac, dichlorphenamide, dipivefrin, dorzolamide, echothiophate, emedastine, epinastine, epinephrine, erythromycin, ethoxzolamide, eucatropine, fludrocortisone, fluorometholone, flurbiprofen, fomivirsen, framycetin, ganciclovir, gatifloxacin, gentamycin, homatropine, hydrocortisone, idoxuridine, indomethacin, isoflurophate, ketorolac, ketotifen, latanoprost, levobetaxolol, levobunolol, levocabastine, levofloxacin, lodoxamide, loteprednol, medrysone, methazolamide, metipranolol, moxifloxacin, naphazoline, natamycin, nedocromil, neomycin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, olopatadine, oxymetazoline, pemirolast, pegaptanib, phenylephrine, physostigmine, pilocarpine, pindolol, pirenoxine, polymyxin B, prednisolone, proparacaine, ranibizumab, rimexolone, scopolamine, sezolamide, squalamine, sulfacetamide, suprofen, tetracaine, tetracyclin, tetrahydrozoline, tetryzoline, timolol, tobramycin, travoprost, triamcinulone, trifluoromethazolamide, trifluridine, trimethoprim, tropicamide, unoprostone, vidarabine, xylometazoline, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and combinations thereof.