Formulations for and methods of fabricating energy storage device electrodes
View Patent ↗An energy storage device can include a cathode, an anode, and a separator between the cathode and the anode, where the anode comprises a first lithium ion intercalating carbon component and a second lithium ion intercalating carbon component. The first lithium ion intercalating carbon component can include hard carbon, and the second lithium ion intercalating component can include graphite or soft carbon. A ratio of the hard carbon to the graphite or of the hard carbon to the soft carbon can be between 1:19 to 19:1. The anode may comprise a first lithium ion intercalating carbon component, a second lithium ion intercalating carbon component and a third lithium ion intercalating carbon component. The first lithium ion intercalating carbon component can include hard carbon, the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component can include soft carbon, and the third lithium ion intercalating carbon component can include graphite.
1. A solvent-free anode electrode film of an energy storage device, comprising a first lithium ion intercalating carbon component and a second lithium ion intercalating carbon component, wherein the anode electrode film does not comprise a conductive carbon; and wherein the anode electrode film is a dry free-standing electrode film.
2. The anode electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the anode electrode film comprises a lithium ion capacitor active material.
3. The anode electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component comprises a hard carbon.
4. The anode electrode film of claim 3 , wherein the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component comprises soft carbon or graphite.
5. The anode electrode film of claim 1 , further comprising a third lithium ion intercalating carbon component.
6. The anode electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component and the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component at a ratio of 1:19 to 19:1.
7. The anode electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises 80 weight % to 97 weight % of the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component and the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component.
8. A laminate anode comprising:
the anode electrode film of claim 1 in contact with a current collector.
9. An energy storage device comprising a cathode, the anode of claim 8 , and a separator between the anode and the cathode.
10. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component comprises a hard carbon.
11. The energy storage device of claim 10 , wherein the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component comprises a soft carbon or a graphite.
12. The energy storage device of claim 11 , further comprising a third lithium ion intercalating carbon component, wherein the third lithium ion intercalating component comprises the other of the soft carbon or the graphite.
13. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the anode comprises the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component and the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component at a ratio of 1:19 to 19:1.
14. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein the ratio is 1:1.
15. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the anode comprises 80 weight % to 97 weight % of the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component and the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component.
16. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the cathode comprises a lithium ion battery active material.
17. A method of fabricating the laminate anode of claim 8 , comprising:
providing the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component;
providing the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component;
providing a fibrillizable binder component; and
combining the fibrillizable binder component, the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component and the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component to provide an electrode film mixture; and
forming the laminate anode from the electrode film mixture.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component comprises hard carbon and the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component comprises a soft carbon or a graphite.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component comprises the soft carbon and the electrode film mixture comprises the hard carbon and the soft carbon at a ratio of 1:1.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising providing a third lithium ion intercalating carbon component, wherein the third lithium ion intercalating carbon component comprises a graphite.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the electrode film mixture comprises 80 weight % to 97 weight % of the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component, the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component and the third lithium ion intercalating carbon component.
22. The method of claim 17 , further comprising fibrillizing the fibrillizable binder component such that at least a portion of the fibrillizable binder component comprises a fibrillized binder component.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein forming the laminate anode from the electrode film mixture further comprises compressing the electrode film mixture.
24. The method of claim 17 , further comprising providing a conductive carbon component, and combining the conductive carbon component with the fibrillizable binder component, the first lithium ion intercalating carbon component and the second lithium ion intercalating carbon component to provide the electrode film mixture.
25. A method of fabricating an energy storage device, comprising providing a cathode, providing the laminate anode of claim 17 , and providing a separator between the laminate anode and the cathode.
26. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the energy storage device comprises a lithium ion battery.
27. The anode electrode film of claim 1 , comprising a fibrillized binder matrix providing structural support to the free-standing film.