Electromagnetic pulse disconnect system and methods
Methods and systems are provided for operating an electromagnetic pulse disconnect assembly for selectively engaging two rotating components of a vehicle drivetrain. A disconnect assembly is needed that is not powered by vacuum diverted from an engine of the vehicle, as modern engines are being developed to reduce vacuum production and remove vacuum lines for powering peripheral devices such as disconnects. An electromagnetic pulse disconnect assembly is provided that operates via pulses of electrical current and includes an electromagnetic coil for translating a clutch ring assembly and a latching ring assembly to selectively couple two rotating components.
1. A method for selectively engaging two rotating components with a disconnect assembly, comprising:
during a first mode, holding a clutch ring in a first position via pins of a latching ring contacting first grooves in a latch cam ring, the latching ring translatable with the clutch ring along a central axis of the disconnect assembly;
upon receiving a command to shift to a second mode, energizing an electromagnetic coil to magnetically attract an armature fixed to a cam and translate a shifter fixed to the clutch ring to an end-of-shift position, whereupon the coil is de-energized and a spring pushes the clutch ring to a second position where the pins contact second grooves in the latch cam ring to hold the clutch ring in the second position; and
upon receiving a command to shift to the first mode, energizing the electromagnetic coil to translate the clutch ring to the end-of-shift position, whereupon the coil is de-energized and the spring pushes the clutch ring to the first position where the pins contact the first grooves to hold the clutch ring in the first position.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein while the shifter and clutch ring translate to the end-of-shift position, sliding the pins along a latching track profile and against a first track surface of a latching guide ring to rotate the latching ring and bring the pins into contact with end-of-shift grooves in the latching guide ring, wherein a second track surface of the latch cam ring and the first track surface of the latching guide ring form the latching track profile.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising, upon de-energizing the electromagnetic coil, sliding the pins along the latching track profile and against the second track surface of the latch cam ring to rotate the latching ring and bring the pins into contact with one of the first grooves or second grooves.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first mode is a two-wheel drive mode wherein the clutch ring is coupled to only one of the two rotating components and the second mode is a four-wheel drive mode wherein the clutch ring is coupled to both of the two rotating components.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising receiving the commands to shift to the first and second modes at a disconnect controller of the disconnect assembly from a vehicle controller.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising detecting the first, second, and end-of-shift positions of the clutch ring and any position of the clutch ring in between or beyond the first, second, and end-of-shift positions with a position sensor in electronic communication with the disconnect controller.