Titanium nano-scale etching on an implant surface
View Patent ↗A method of forming an implant to be implanted into living bone is disclosed. The method comprises the act of roughening at least a portion of the implant surface to produce a microscale roughened surface. The method further comprises the act of immersing the microscale roughened surface into a solution containing hydrogen peroxide and a basic solution to produce a nanoscale roughened surface consisting of nanopitting superimposed on the microscale roughened surface. The nanoscale roughened surface has a property that promotes osseointegration.
1. An implant to be implanted into living bone comprising:
a head portion having a non-rotational feature;
a lowermost end opposing the head portion; and
a threaded bottom portion for engaging bone between the head portion and the lowermost end, a portion of the implant surface having a roughened surface with a first topography, a second topography superimposed on the first topography, and a nanoscale topography superimposed on the first and second topographies.
2. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the implant is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of tantalum, cobalt, chromium, titanium, stainless steel, or alloys thereof.
3. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the implant is a dental implant.
4. The implant of claim 3 , wherein the portion of the implant surface is a threaded bottom portion for facilitating bonding with bone.
5. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the first topography comprises a grit blasted surface.
6. The implant of claim 5 , wherein the first topography includes peak-to-valley irregularity distances of about 10 microns to about 30 microns.
7. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the implant is made of titanium and the second topography comprises an acid-etched surface.
8. The implant of claim 7 , wherein the acid-etched surface is a sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid-etched surface.
9. The implant of claim 7 , wherein the second topography includes peak-to-valley heights of less than about 10 microns and peak-to-peak distances of less than about 3 microns.
10. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale topography is a nanoscale roughened surface including nanopitting.
11. The implant of claim 10 , wherein the nanopitting is formed by immersing the implant in a solution including hydrogen peroxide and a basic solution.
12. The implant of claim 11 , wherein the basic solution includes sodium hydroxide.
13. The implant of claim 11 , wherein the basic solution includes potassium hydroxide.
14. The implant of claim 10 , wherein the nanopitting is in the range of about 1-100 nanometers.
15. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale topography includes discrete nanoparticles deposited on the first and second topographies.
16. The implant of claim 1 , further comprising a sodium lactate coating on the nanoscale topography.
17. An implant to be implanted into living bone, the implant comprising:
a head portion having a non-rotational feature;
a lowermost end opposing the head portion; and
a threaded bottom portion for engaging bone between the head portion and the lowermost end, the threaded bottom portion having a first grit-blasted roughened surface including peak-to-valley heights of about 10 microns to about 30 microns, a second acid-etched roughened surface having peak-to-valley heights of less than about 10 microns superimposed on the first grit-blasted roughened surface, and a nanoscale topography superimposed on the second acid-etched roughened surface.
18. The implant of claim 17 , wherein the nanoscale topography is a nanoscale roughened surface including nanopitting.
19. The implant of claim 18 , wherein the nanopitting is formed using a solution including hydrogen peroxide and a basic solution.
20. The implant of claim 19 , wherein the basic solution includes sodium hydroxide.
21. The implant of claim 19 , wherein the basic solution includes potassium hydroxide.
22. The implant of claim 17 , wherein the nanoscale topography includes discrete nanoparticles on the second roughened surface.
23. The implant of claim 17 , further comprising a sodium lactate coating on the nanoscale topography.
24. The implant of claim 17 , wherein the a second acid-etched roughened surface has peak-to-valley heights of about 1 micron to about 3 microns.