Multi-zone imaging sensor and lens array
An imaging module includes a matrix of detector elements formed on a single semiconductor substrate and configured to output electrical signals in response to optical radiation that is incident on the detector elements. A filter layer is disposed over the detector elements and includes multiple filter zones overlying different, respective, convex regions of the matrix and having different, respective passbands.
1. An imaging module, comprising:
a matrix of detector elements formed on a single semiconductor substrate and configured to output electrical signals in response to optical radiation that is incident on the detector elements;
a filter layer, which is disposed over the detector elements and comprises multiple filter zones overlying different, respective, convex regions of the matrix and having different, respective passbands, including a first filter zone overlying a first region of the matrix and having an infrared passband and a second filter zone having at least one visible passband overlying a second region of the matrix;
objective optics, which are configured to form respective images of a common field of view on all of the regions of the matrix; and
a processor, which is configured to process the electrical signals output by the detector elements in the first region so as to produce a three-dimensional (3D) map of the field of view, and to register the 3D map with a two-dimensional (2D) image of the field of view that is generated by the detector elements in the second region.
2. The imaging module according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one visible passband comprises red, green and blue passbands.
3. The imaging module according to claim 1 , wherein the filter zones and the respective convex regions are rectangular and share a common aspect ratio.
4. The imaging module according to claim 1 , wherein the imaging module comprises a plurality of sense amplifiers, which are formed on the substrate and are coupled to read out photocharge from the detector elements in respective columns of the matrix,
wherein the sense amplifiers that are coupled to read out the photocharge from a first one of the convex regions have a different gain from the sense amplifiers that are coupled to read out the photocharge from at least a second one of the convex regions.
5. The imaging module according to claim 1 , wherein the filter zones comprise at least first and second zones of different, respective sizes, and wherein the objective optics comprise at least first and second lenses of different, respective magnifications, which are configured to form the respective images on the respective regions of the matrix that are overlaid by at least the first and second zones.
6. The imaging module according to claim 1 , wherein the objective optics comprise a transparent wafer, which is etched to define focusing elements for forming the respective images, and which is overlaid on the substrate.
7. An imaging module, comprising:
a matrix of detector elements formed on a single semiconductor substrate and configured to output electrical signals in response to optical radiation that is incident on the detector elements;
objective optics, which are configured to focus light onto the matrix of the detector elements so as to form respective images of a common field of view on different, respective regions of the matrix;
multiple optical filters, which have different, respective passbands, including a first optical filter having an infrared passband and at least one second optical filter having a visible passband, and are positioned so that each filter filters the light that is focused onto a different, respective one of the regions, including a first region onto which the light filtered by the first optical filter is focused and a second region onto which the light filtered by the at least one second optical filter is focused; and
a processor, which is configured to process the electrical signals output by the detector elements in the first region so as to produce a three-dimensional (3D) map of the field of view, and to register the 3D map with a two-dimensional (2D) image of the field of view that is generated by the detector elements in the second region.
8. The imaging module according to claim 7 , wherein the objective optics comprise multiple lenses, which are configured to form the respective images, and wherein the filters are formed as coatings on the lenses.
9. The imaging module according to claim 7 , wherein the filters comprise filter layers overlaid on the matrix of the detector elements.
10. The imaging module according to claim 9 , wherein the optical filters further comprise an interference filter, which defines a narrow passband for the light incident on one of the regions of the matrix without affecting the respective passbands of the other regions.
11. The imaging module according to claim 7 , wherein the at least one visible passband comprises red, green and blue passbands.
12. The imaging module according to claim 7 , wherein the respective passbands of the filter zones comprise a luminance passband and chrominance passbands.
13. The imaging module according to claim 7 , wherein the regions of the matrix comprise at least first and second regions of different, respective sensitivities, and wherein the objective optics comprise at least first and second lenses of different, respective F-numbers, which are configured to form the respective images on at least the first and second regions.
14. The imaging module according to claim 7 , wherein the objective optics comprise a transparent wafer, which is etched to define a plurality of lenses, and which is overlaid on the substrate.
15. A method for imaging, comprising:
providing a matrix of detector elements formed on a single semiconductor substrate and configured to output electrical signals in response to optical radiation that is incident on the detector elements;
overlaying a filter layer on the detector elements, the filter layer comprising multiple filter zones overlying different, respective, convex regions of the matrix and having different, respective passbands, including a first filter zone having an infrared passband overlying a first region of the matrix and a second filter zone having at least one visible passband overlying a second region of the matrix;
aligning objective optics so as to form respective images of a common field of view on all of the regions of the matrix; and
processing the image data from the first region in order to produce a three-dimensional (3D) map of the field of view, and registering the 3D map with a two-dimensional (2D) image generated by the second region.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the first and second regions of the matrix have different, respective sizes, and wherein aligning the objective optics comprise providing at least first and second lenses of different, respective magnifications so as to form the respective images on at least the first and second regions.
17. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the at least one visible passband comprises red, green and blue passbands.
18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the filter zones and the respective convex regions are rectangular and share a common aspect ratio.