Rigid structure UHMWPE UD and composite and the process of making
View Patent ↗Fabrication of ballistic resistant fibrous composites having improved ballistic resistance properties. More particularly, ballistic resistant fibrous composites having enhanced flexural properties, which correlates to low composite backface signature. The composites are useful for the production of hard armor articles, including helmet armor.
1. A method of forming a fibrous composite comprising at least two adjoined fiber layers, each fiber layer comprising fibers having surfaces that are at least partially covered with a polymeric material, and wherein less than 50% of the fiber surface area is covered by a fiber surface finish, which fiber surface finish is between the fiber surface and said polymeric material; said composite having a stress at yield of at least 7.50 ksi (˜51.71 MPa) as measured by ASTM D790 for a composite having an areal density of about 1.5 lb/ft 2 (7.32 kg/m 2 ) or less, the method comprising providing a plurality of polymeric fibers wherein less than 50% of the fiber surface area of said fibers is covered by a fiber surface finish; optionally treating the fiber surfaces to enhance the surface adsorbability, bonding or adhesion of a subsequently applied polymeric material to the fiber surfaces; applying a polymeric material onto at least a portion of said fibers, thereby adsorbing, bonding or adhering the polymeric material on or to the fiber surfaces; producing a plurality of fiber layers from said fibers either before or after applying said polymeric material to said fibers; and consolidating said plurality of fiber layers to produce a fibrous composite.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said optional step of treating the fiber surfaces to enhance the surface adsorbability, bonding or adhesion of a subsequently applied polymeric material to the fiber surfaces is conducted.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said fiber treatment comprises a plasma treatment or a corona treatment.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein a pre-existing fiber surface finish is removed by washing the fibers with water.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of said fiber layers is formed by weaving a plurality of said fibers into a woven fabric.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of said fiber layers is formed by arranging a plurality of said fibers into a non-woven fabric.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein patches of residual finish are present on the fiber surfaces of each fiber between the fiber surface and the polymeric material, wherein from 90% to 99.0% of the fiber surface area is not covered by the residual fiber surface finish.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the composite formed by the method has a backface signature of less than about 8 mm when impacted with a 124-grain, 9 mm FMJ RN projectile fired at a velocity of from about 427 m/s to about 445 m/s (1430 feet/second (fps)±30 fps), wherein backface signature is measured for a composite having an areal density of 2.0 psf.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the composite formed by the method has a V 50 value of at least about 1750 feet/sec (fps) (533.40 m/s) against a 9 mm projectile in accordance with Department of Defense Test Method Standard MIL-STD-662F.
10. A method of forming a fibrous composite comprising at least two adjoined fiber layers, each fiber layer comprising fibers having surfaces that are at least partially covered with a polymeric material, and wherein less than 50% of the fiber surface area is covered by a fiber surface finish; the method comprising providing a plurality of polymeric fibers wherein less than 50% of the fiber surface area of said fibers is covered by a fiber surface finish; optionally treating the fiber surfaces to enhance the surface adsorbability, bonding or adhesion of a subsequently applied polymeric material to the fiber surfaces; applying a polymeric material onto at least a portion of said fibers, thereby adsorbing, bonding or adhering the polymeric material on or to the fiber surfaces; producing a plurality of fiber layers from said fibers either before or after applying said polymeric material to said fibers; and consolidating said plurality of fiber layers to produce a fibrous composite; said fibrous composite having a stress at yield that is greater than the stress at yield of a comparable fibrous composite having a fiber surface finish on greater than 50% of the surface area of their fibers wherein such a fiber surface finish is between the fiber surfaces and the polymeric material.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said optional step of treating the fiber surfaces to enhance the bonding and/or adhesion of a subsequently applied material to the fiber surfaces is conducted.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein said fiber treatment comprises a plasma treatment or a corona treatment.
13. The method of claim 10 wherein said composite comprises polyethylene fibers having a tenacity of 20 g/denier or more.
14. The method of claim 10 wherein at least one of said fiber layers is formed by weaving a plurality of said fibers into a woven fabric.
15. The method of claim 10 wherein at least one of said fiber layers is formed by arranging a plurality of said fibers into a non-woven fabric.
16. The method of claim 10 wherein a pre-existing fiber surface finish is partially removed from the fibers.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein patches of residual finish are present on the fiber surfaces between the fiber surface and the polymeric material, wherein from 90% to 99.0% of the fiber surface area is not covered by the residual fiber surface finish, and wherein each fiber layer of the composite is impregnated with a thermoplastic polymeric binder.
18. The method of claim 16 wherein said pre-existing fiber surface finish is removed by washing the fibers with water.
19. The method of claim 10 wherein said fibers have a tenacity of 20 g/denier or more.