Low GWP heat transfer compositions
View Patent ↗The present invention relates, in part, to heat transfer compositions, methods, and uses thereof that include (a) from about 17% to about 40% by weight of HFC-32; (b) from about 51% to about 83% by weight of a tetrafluoropropene; and (c) from greater than about 0% to less than about 9% by weight of CO2. The amount of component (c) improves one or more of a capacity, efficiency, discharge temperature, discharge pressure, and/or energy consumption of the composition, particularly in a low or medium temperature refrigeration system and as compared to composition lacking component (c) and/or the refrigerant R-404A.
1. A heat transfer composition comprising a refrigerant consisting essentially of:
(a) about 21.5% weight of HFC-32;
(b) about 75.5% by weight of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; and
(c) from 2% to 4% by weight of CO2,
provided that the amount of component (c) is effective to improve one or more of a capacity, efficiency, discharge temperature, discharge pressure, or energy consumption of the composition in a low or medium temperature refrigeration system, as compared to composition lacking component (c).
2. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 , wherein said refrigerant comprises about 3% by weight of CO2.
3. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits a capacity of from greater than or equal to 97% to less than or equal to about 100% of the capacity of R-404A in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
4. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits an efficiency that is not less than the efficiency of a composition consisting essentially of about 21.5% weight of HFC-32, about 75.5% by weight of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and no CO2 in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
5. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits an efficiency of at least 100% of the efficiency of R-404A in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
6. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits a high-side discharge pressure of from greater than or equal to about 85% to less than or equal to about 115% of the discharge pressure of R-404A in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
7. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits a high-side discharge pressure of from greater than or equal to about 90% to less than or equal to about 110% of the discharge pressure of R-404A in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
8. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits a high-side discharge pressure of from greater than or equal to about 95% to less than or equal to about 105% of the discharge pressure of R-404A in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
9. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits a high-side discharge temperature of no more than 15° C. greater than the discharge temperature of R-404A in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
10. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits a high-side discharge temperature of no more than 10° C. greater than the discharge temperature of R-404A in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
11. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition exhibits a high-side discharge temperature of no more than 5° C. greater than the discharge temperature of R-404A in the same low and/or medium temperature refrigeration system and under the same conditions.
12. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , further comprising a lubricant.
13. The heat transfer composition of claim 12 , wherein the lubricant comprises a polyolester oil.
14. A method of replacing an existing heat transfer fluid contained in low or medium temperature refrigeration system comprising removing at least a portion of said existing heat transfer fluid from said system, said existing heat transfer fluid comprising HFC-404A, and replacing at least a portion of said existing heat transfer fluid by introducing into said system a heat transfer composition of claim 2 .
15. A heat transfer system comprising a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator in fluid communication, and a heat transfer composition in said system, said heat transfer composition comprising the composition of claim 2 .
16. The heat transfer system of claim 15 wherein said heat transfer system is a low or medium temperature refrigeration system.
17. A heat transfer composition comprising a refrigerant consisting essentially of:
(a) about 21.5% weight of HFC-32;
(b) about 75.5% by weight of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; and
(c) from 2% to 4% by weight of CO2.
18. The heat transfer composition of claim 17 , wherein said refrigerant comprises about 3% by weight of CO2.
19. The heat transfer composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition exhibits a capacity of from greater than or equal to 97% to less than or equal to about 100% of the capacity of R-404A under temperature refrigeration conditions.
20. The heat transfer composition of claim 18 , wherein the composition exhibits a capacity of from greater than or equal to 97% to less than or equal to about 100% of the capacity of R-404A under medium temperature refrigeration conditions.