Lithium-ion secondary battery and electronic device
A lithium-ion secondary battery with high capacity is provided. Alternatively, a lithium-ion secondary battery with improved cycle characteristics is provided. To achieve this, an active material including a particle having a cleavage plane and a layer containing carbon covering at least part of the cleavage plane is provided. The particle having the cleavage plane contains lithium, manganese, nickel, and oxygen. The layer containing carbon preferably contains graphene. When a lithium-ion secondary battery is fabricated using an electrode including the particle having the cleavage plane at least part of which is covered with the layer containing carbon as an active material, the discharge capacity can be increased and the cycle characteristics can be improved.
1. A lithium-ion secondary battery comprising:
an electrode comprising an active material, a conductive additive, and a binder,
wherein the active material comprises a first particle having a first cleavage plane, a second particle having a second cleavage plane, and a layer containing graphene covering at least part of the first cleavage plane and at least part of the second cleavage plane,
wherein the first particle and the second particle are bound with the graphene,
wherein the graphene contains oxygen,
wherein the first particle and the second particle each contain lithium, manganese, nickel, and oxygen, and
wherein a charge and discharge capacity is greater than or equal to 260 mAh/g in the first 15 cycles with an oxidation-reduction potential of lithium used as a reference potential and a voltage range of higher than or equal to 2.0 V and lower than or equal to 4.8 V.
2. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a proportion of oxygen in the graphene is higher than or equal to 2 atomic % and lower than or equal to 20 atomic %.
3. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the layer containing graphene has a function of preventing oxygen deintercalation from the first particle or the second particle.
4. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the layer containing graphene is greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm.
5. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the first cleavage plane or the second cleavage plane has a crystal plane of a (001) plane or a (100) plane.
6. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the first particle or the second particle has a layered rock-salt crystal structure.
7. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the first particle or the second particle has a layered rock-salt crystal structure and a spinel crystal structure.
8. An electronic device comprising:
the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ; and
at least one of a display device, an operation button, an external connection port, a speaker, and a microphone.
9. An active material comprising:
a first particle having a first cleavage plane;
a second particle having a second cleavage plane; and
a layer containing graphene covering at least part of the first cleavage plane and at least part of the second cleavage plane,
wherein the first particle and the second particle are bound with the graphene,
wherein the graphene contains oxygen, and
wherein the first particle and the second particle each contain lithium, manganese, nickel, and oxygen.
10. The active material according to claim 9 , wherein a proportion of oxygen in the graphene is higher than or equal to 2 atomic % and lower than or equal to 20 atomic %.
11. The active material according to claim 9 , wherein the layer containing graphene has a function of preventing oxygen deintercalation from the first particle or the second particle.
12. The active material according to claim 9 , wherein a thickness of the layer containing graphene is greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm.
13. The active material according to claim 9 , wherein the first cleavage plane or the second cleavage plane has a crystal plane of a (001) plane or a (100) plane.
14. The active material according to claim 9 , wherein the first particle or the second particle has a layered rock-salt crystal structure.
15. The active material according to claim 9 , wherein the first particle or the second particle has a layered rock-salt crystal structure and a spinel crystal structure.
16. An electrode comprising the active material according to claim 9 , a conductive additive, a binder, and a current collector.
17. An active material comprising:
a first particle having a first cleavage plane;
a second particle having a second cleavage plane; and
a layer containing graphene covering at least part of the first cleavage plane and at least part of the second cleavage plane,
wherein the first particle and the second particle are bound with the graphene,
wherein the graphene contains oxygen, and
wherein the first particle and the second particle each contain lithium, vanadium, iron, and oxygen.
18. The active material according to claim 17 , wherein a proportion of oxygen in the graphene is higher than or equal to 2 atomic % and lower than or equal to 20 atomic %.
19. The active material according to claim 17 , wherein the layer containing graphene has a function of preventing oxygen deintercalation from the first particle or the second particle.
20. The active material according to claim 17 , wherein a thickness of the layer containing graphene is greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm.
21. An active material comprising:
a first particle having a first cleavage plane;
a second particle having a second cleavage plane; and
a layer containing graphene covering at least part of the first cleavage plane and at least part of the second cleavage plane,
wherein the first particle and the second particle are bound with the graphene,
wherein the graphene contains oxygen, and
wherein the first particle and the second particle each contain lithium, cobalt, and oxygen.
22. The active material according to claim 21 , wherein a proportion of oxygen in the graphene is higher than or equal to 2 atomic% and lower than or equal to 20 atomic%.
23. The active material according to claim 21 , wherein the layer containing graphene has a function of preventing oxygen deintercalation from the first particle or the second particle.
24. The active material according to claim 21 , wherein a thickness of the layer containing graphene is greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm.