Predictive network testing

1. A method for evaluating a communication network that employs quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) to transmit data, the method comprising:

a) receiving from the network a communication signal modulated using a first QAM modulation format;

b) demodulating the communication signal to obtain a sequence of received symbol samples;

c) making hard decisions on the received symbol samples based on a first set of decision boundaries that are associated with the first QAM modulation format to obtain a sequence of modulation symbol decisions of the first modulation format corresponding to the sequence of received symbol samples;

d) computing displacements of the received symbol samples with respect to the modulation symbol decisions obtained using the first set of decision boundaries; and,

e) comparing the displacements of the received symbol samples obtained in step (d) to one or more decision thresholds associated with a second set of decision boundaries that are tighter than the first set of decision boundaries to obtain a measure of network performance in the absence of symbol errors for the first modulation format.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of decision boundaries comprises decision boundaries for a second QAM modulation format that is different from the first QAM modulation format.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein step (d) comprises estimating an error rate for the second modulation format.

4. The method of claim 3 comprising computing a projected correctable codeword error rate (CER) for the second modulation format and a projected uncorrectable CER for the second modulation format.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein step (d) comprises estimating error margins of the received symbol samples for at least one of the first and second modulation formats.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein step (d) includes estimating a fraction of symbols having the error margin that is smaller than a pre-determined value.

7. The method of claim 5 , further comprising at least one of:

computing a margin score based on the estimated error margins and displaying the margin score on a graphical user interface, or generating an alarm when a fraction of symbols having the error margin that is smaller than a pre-determined first minimum value.

8. The method of claim 5 , comprising calculating a carrier score for the second modulation format using the projected correctable and uncorrectable codeword error rates and the error margins for the second modulation format.

9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the carrier score is computed accounting for a modulation error rate (MER).

10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first modulation format is a QAM format of a first order, and the second modulation format is a QAM format of a second order that is higher than the first order.

11. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first modulation format is an M-QAM format and the second modulation format is an N-QAM format wherein ‘N’ and ‘M’ are integers selected from the following list of integers: 8, 16, 64, 128, 256, 1024, and 4096, and wherein ‘N’ is greater than ‘M’.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the communication signal is a CATV signal that is compliant with a DOCSIS or an OCAP specification, and wherein the network tester is a CATV tester.

13. The method of claim 8 , further comprising displaying the carrier score on a graphical user interface.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of decision boundaries comprise decision boundaries that are at least 5% tighter than the first decision boundaries.

15. An apparatus for predictive testing of a communication network employing quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), comprising:

a receiver to receive a communication signal from the network and extract therefrom a carrier signal modulated using a first QAM format;

a demodulator to demodulate the carrier signal and obtain therefrom a sequence of received symbol samples;

a slicer to obtain a sequence of modulation symbol decisions of the first QAM format from the sequence of received symbol samples based on making hard decisions on the received symbol samples according to a first set of decision boundaries that are associated with the first QAM modulation format; and

a symbol processor to:

compute displacements of the received symbol samples with respect to the modulation symbol decisions obtained using the first set of decision boundaries; and,

compare the displacements of the received symbol samples obtained to one or more decision thresholds associated with a second set of decision boundaries that are tighter than the first set of decision boundaries to obtain a measure of network performance in the absence of symbol errors for the first modulation format.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the second set of decision boundaries comprises decision boundaries for a second QAM modulation format that is different from the first QAM modulation format.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the computed displacements are based on at least one of:

an estimated error rate for the second QAM format;

estimated error margins of the received symbol samples for at least one of the first and second QAM formats; and

an estimated fraction of symbols having the error margin that is smaller than a pre-determined value.

18. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the symbol processor is to compute a projected correctable codeword error rate (CER) for the second modulation format and a projected uncorrectable CER for the second modulation format.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the symbol processor is to calculate a carrier score for the second QAM format using the projected correctable and uncorrectable codeword error rates.

20. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the second set of decision boundaries comprise decision boundaries that are at least 5% tighter than the first decision boundaries.