Cotendered nonwoven/pulp fabric and method for making the same
View Patent ↗The present invention is directed to a nonwoven fabric made from a composite of nonwoven and pulp where the nonwoven has a high loft derived from a heat set three-dimensional relief structure and/or hydroengorged fiber structure. A nonwoven web is hydraulically treated to create a hydroengorged material having an increased loft. Alternatively a nonwoven web is treated to have a heat set three-dimensional relief structure. The treated web is then hydroentangled with pulp to form a cotendered nonwoven/pulp composite fabric.
1. A fabric comprising:
a hydroengorged first nonwoven web comprising continuous fibers, the first nonwoven web having a repeating bonding pattern and a heat set three-dimensional relief structure; and
a first pulp layer substantially comprised of pulp,
the first pulp layer being entangled with the first nonwoven web that has the repeating bonding pattern and the heat set three-dimensional relief structure.
2. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said first nonwoven web has a basis weight of about 11-15 gsm.
3. The fabric of claim 1 further comprising a reinforcing scrim.
4. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said fabric is ultrasonically embossed.
5. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said fabric is embossed by a heated calender.
6. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said fabric is embossed by an unheated calender.
7. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said continuous fibers comprise spunbond fibers.
8. The fabric of claim 1 further comprising a second nonwoven web.
9. The fabric of claim 8 wherein said fabric is ultrasonically embossed.
10. The fabric of claim 8 wherein said second nonwoven web comprises continuous fibers; and
has one or more elements selected from the group consisting of (a) a heat set three-dimensional relief structure; and (b) a hydroengorged fiber structure.
11. The fabric of claim 10 wherein the repeating bonding pattern of said first nonwoven web has a graphic design.
12. The fabric of claim 10 wherein said first and second nonwoven webs are calendered with a superposing pattern.
13. The fabric of claim 12 wherein said superposing pattern comprises a graphic design.
14. The fabric of claim 13 wherein said graphic design comprises graphic elements having an average size greater than 0.25 square centimeters.
15. The fabric of claim 10 wherein said fabric comprises a color graphic design.
16. The fabric of claim 12 wherein said repeating bonding pattern is anisotropic and biased in the machine direction.
17. A wipe comprising the fabric of claim 1 .
18. The wipe of claim 17 wherein said wipe is a hygienic wipe.
19. The wipe of claim 17 wherein said wipe is an industrial wipe.
20. An absorbent article comprising the fabric of claim 1 .
21. The absorbent article of claim 20 wherein said absorbent article is a sanitary napkin.
22. The absorbent article of claim 20 wherein said absorbent article is a diaper.
23. The absorbent article of claim 20 comprising an acquisition distribution layer comprising said fabric.
24. An absorbent sheet comprising the fabric of claim 1 .
25. The absorbent sheet of claim 24 wherein said absorbent sheet is a laminate of said fabric and at least one nonwoven web.
26. A fenestration drape comprising the fabric of claim 1 .
27. A garment comprising the fabric of claim 1 .
28. A desiccant comprising the fabric of claim 1 .
29. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said fabric comprises a first surface substantially free of pulp.
30. The fabric of claim 29 wherein said fabric comprises a second surface having a rough surface profile.
31. The fabric of claim 30 wherein said second surface has features extending beyond the plane of said second surface wherein said features have a peak height of at least 20% of the caliper of said composite fabric.
32. A method of manufacturing a composite fabric comprising the steps of:
forming a first nonwoven web substantially comprised of continuous fibers;
applying a repeating bonding pattern to said first nonwoven web;
treating said first nonwoven web to create a three-dimensional relief structure in said first nonwoven web;
hydroengorging said first nonwoven web;
depositing a first pulp layer substantially comprised of pulp on said first nonwoven web; and
hydroentangling said first nonwoven web and said first pulp layer.
33. The method of claim 32 wherein said graphic design comprises graphic elements having an average size greater than 0.25 square centimeters.
34. A method of manufacturing a fabric comprising the steps of:
forming a bonded first nonwoven web substantially comprised of continuous fibers;
deforming said first nonwoven web to create a heat set three-dimensional relief structure;
hydroengorging said nonwoven web;
depositing a first pulp layer substantially comprised of pulp onto said first nonwoven web; and
hydroentangling said first nonwoven web and said first pulp layer after the step of deforming the first nonwoven web.
35. The method of claim 34 further comprising the steps of:
forming a second nonwoven web substantially comprised of continuous fibers; and
hydroentangling said first nonwoven web, said second nonwoven web and said first pulp layer.
36. The method of claim 34 further comprising the step of deforming said second nonwoven web to create a heat set three-dimensional relief structure.
37. The fabric of claim 1 , wherein the heat set three-dimensional relief structure is a regularly or irregularly creped, microcreped, waffled, bowl or cup structure in addition to the repeating bonding pattern.
38. The fabric of claim 1 , wherein the entanglement of the first pulp layer reinforces the heat set three-dimensional relief structure of the first nonwoven web.
39. The fabric of claim 1 , where the heat set three-dimensional relief structure of the first nonwoven web comprises at least one of grooves, valleys, cups, or bowls.