Wearable transdermal neurostimulator having cantilevered attachment
Neurostimulator apparatuses for applying transdermal electrical stimulation that may be comfortably and securely worn on a variety of head shapes and sizes. The apparatuses and methods of using them described herein may be lightweight and wearable and configured to be attached at one end of a patient-facing surface of the apparatus by a cantilevered attachment so that an opposite end of the surface is free to float relative to the user's head. The cantilevered attachment may include two or more connectors spaced apart along an edge region of the patient-facing surface in an optimal arrangement to secure the neurostimulator in place. The neurostimulator apparatuses described herein may be secured to a separate or integral electrode assembly that may adhesively secure to the subject's head. The patient-facing surface of the neurostimulator may also be curved and twisted specifically for use at the temple/forehead region of a diverse population of potential users.
1. A wearable transdermal neurostimulator that is connectable to a subject with an electrode apparatus, the neurostimulator comprising:
a housing enclosing a controller and a current source;
a user-facing first surface on the housing, wherein the first surface is concave; and
a first and second connector on the first surface and off-center relative to the first surface, wherein the first and second connectors are configured to make an electrical and mechanical connection with a connector mate on a mating surface of the electrode apparatus when the electrode apparatus is attached to a subject's head with the mating surface facing away from the subject's head so that the first and second connectors secure one side of the first surface to the mating surface of the electrode apparatus while permitting an opposite side of the first surface to float relative to the mating surface
wherein the housing comprises an outward-facing surface opposite from the first surface, and wherein the thickness of the housing between the outward-facing surface and first surface is more than 15% greater at one end of the neurostimulator than at an opposite end of the neurostimulator.
2. The neurostimulator of claim 1 , wherein the first and second connectors are separated from each other by between about 0.7 inches and 0.8 inches.
3. The neurostimulator of claim 1 , wherein the first and second connectors comprise a pair of sockets configured to receive snaps from the electrode assembly.
4. The neurostimulator of claim 1 , wherein the neurostimulator weighs less than 5 ounces.
5. The neurostimulator of claim 1 , wherein the first surface is trianguloid.
6. The neurostimulator of claim 1 , wherein the first surface is concave and twisted along a twist axis wherein the first surface twists between 2 degrees and 45 degrees per 3 cm along a length of the twist axis.
7. The neurostimulator of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to deliver biphasic current of greater than 3 mA between about 750 Hz and 30 kHz that is charge imbalanced.
8. A wearable transdermal neurostimulator that is connectable to a subject with an electrode apparatus, the neurostimulator comprising:
a housing enclosing a controller and a current source;
a user-facing first surface on the housing, wherein the first surface is concave and twisted along a twist axis wherein the first surface twists between 2 degrees and 45 degrees per 3 cm along a length of the twist axis; and
a first and second connector on the first surface and off-center relative to the first surface, wherein the first and second connectors are configured to make an electrical and mechanical connection with a connector mate on a mating surface of the electrode apparatus when the electrode apparatus is attached to a subject's head with the mating surface facing away from the subject's head so that the first and second connectors secure one side of the first surface to the mating surface of the electrode apparatus while permitting an opposite side of the first surface to float relative to the mating surface.
9. The neurostimulator of claim 8 , wherein the first and second connectors are separated from each other by between about 0.7 inches and 0.8 inches.
10. The neurostimulator of claim 8 , wherein the first and second connectors comprise a pair of sockets configured to receive snaps from the electrode assembly.
11. The neurostimulator of claim 8 , wherein the neurostimulator weighs less than 5 ounces.
12. The neurostimulator of claim 8 , wherein the housing comprises an outward-facing surface opposite from the first surface, and wherein the thickness of the housing between the outward-facing surface and first surface is more than 15% greater at one end of the neurostimulator than at an opposite end of the neurostimulator.
13. The neurostimulator of claim 1 , wherein the first surface is trianguloid.
14. The neurostimulator of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to deliver biphasic current of greater than 3 mA between about 750 Hz and 30 kHz that is charge imbalanced.