Device with transparent and higher conductive regions in lateral cross section of semiconductor layer
A device including one or more layers with lateral regions configured to facilitate the transmission of radiation through the layer and lateral regions configured to facilitate current flow through the layer is provided. The layer can comprise a short period superlattice, which includes barriers alternating with wells. In this case, the barriers can include both transparent regions, which are configured to reduce an amount of radiation that is absorbed in the layer, and higher conductive regions, which are configured to keep the voltage drop across the layer within a desired range.
1. A device comprising:
a semiconductor layer comprising a set of group III nitride layers, wherein at least one of the group III nitride layers is an inhomogeneous layer comprising:
a set of transparent regions having a first characteristic band gap, wherein the set of transparent regions are at least ten percent of an area of the lateral cross section of the inhomogeneous layer; and
a set of higher conductive regions having a second characteristic band gap at least five percent smaller than the first characteristic band gap, wherein the set of higher conductive regions occupy at least two percent of the area of the lateral cross section of the inhomogeneous layer, and wherein lateral inhomogeneities in at least one of: a composition or a doping of the at least one of the group III nitride layers forms the set of transparent regions and the set of higher conductive regions.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inhomogeneous layer comprises Al x In y Ga 1-x-y N, where x is a molar fraction of aluminum and y is a molar fraction of indium, and wherein the molar fraction y is at least one percent.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the inhomogeneous layer is graded linearly according to the molar fraction y.
4. The device of claim 3 , further comprising an electron blocking layer adjacent to the semiconductor layer.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the set of transparent regions comprise an average transmission coefficient for radiation generated by an active region of the device of at least twenty percent.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inhomogeneous layer is a last layer within the semiconductor layer and is immediately adjacent to a p-type metal, wherein the p-type metal is at least thirty percent reflective of radiation generated by an active region of the device.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein a difference between an average band gap for the inhomogeneous layer and an average band gap for a remaining portion of the semiconductor layer is at least thermal energy.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein a characteristic size of a plurality of compositional inhomogeneous regions within the inhomogeneous layer is smaller than an inverse of a dislocation density for the semiconductor layer.
9. An emitting device comprising:
an active region configured to generate electromagnetic radiation having a target wavelength; and
a semiconductor layer comprising a set of group III nitride layers, wherein at least one of the group III nitride layers is an inhomogeneous layer comprising:
a set of transparent regions having a first characteristic band gap, wherein the set of transparent regions are at least ten percent of an area of the lateral cross section of the inhomogeneous layer; and
a set of higher conductive regions having a second characteristic band gap at least five percent smaller than the first characteristic band gap, wherein the set of higher conductive regions occupy at least two percent of the area of the lateral cross section of the inhomogeneous layer, and wherein lateral inhomogeneities in at least one of: a composition or a doping of the at least one of the group III nitride layers forms the set of transparent regions and the set of higher conductive regions.
10. The emitting device of claim 9 , wherein the inhomogeneous layer comprises Al x In y Ga 1-x-y N, where x is a molar fraction of aluminum and y is a molar fraction of indium, and wherein the molar fraction y is at least one percent.
11. The emitting device of claim 10 , wherein the inhomogeneous layer is graded linearly according to the molar fraction y.
12. The emitting device of claim 9 , wherein the inhomogeneous layer is vertically graded such that there is no band gap discontinuity at an interface of the inhomogeneous layer and adjacent layers within the semiconductor layer.
13. The emitting device of claim 9 , wherein the inhomogeneous layer comprises a p-type doping of at least 10 18 cm −3 .
14. The emitting device of claim 9 , wherein a characteristic size of a plurality of compositional inhomogeneous regions within the inhomogeneous layer is smaller than an inverse of a dislocation density for the semiconductor layer.
15. The emitting device of claim 9 , wherein the set of transparent regions have an average transmission coefficient for radiation of the target wavelength of at least twenty percent.
16. An emitting device comprising:
an active region configured to generate electromagnetic radiation having a target wavelength; and
a semiconductor layer comprising a set of group III nitride layers, wherein at least one of the group III nitride layers is an inhomogeneous Al x In y Ga 1-x-y N layer, where x is a molar fraction of aluminum and y is a molar fraction of indium, comprising:
a set of transparent regions having a first characteristic band gap, wherein the set of transparent regions are at least ten percent of an area of the lateral cross section of the inhomogeneous layer; and
a set of higher conductive regions having a second characteristic band gap at least five percent smaller than the first characteristic band gap, wherein the set of higher conductive regions occupy at least two percent of the area of the lateral cross section of the inhomogeneous layer, and wherein lateral inhomogeneities in at least one of: a composition or a doping of the at least one of the group III nitride layers forms the set of transparent regions and the set of higher conductive regions.
17. The emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the molar fraction x of aluminum is higher in the set of transparent regions than the molar fraction x of aluminum in the set of higher conductive regions.
18. The emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the molar fraction y of indium is lower in the set of transparent regions than the molar fraction y of indium in the set of higher conductive regions.
19. The emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the inhomogeneous layer comprises a p-type doping of at least 10 18 cm −3 .
20. The emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the lateral inhomogeneities are vertically graded across the inhomogeneous layer.