Preparation of fluorinated olefins via catalytic dehydrohalogenation of halogenated hydrocarbons
A process for making a fluorinated olefin having the step of dehydrochlorinating a hydrochlorofluorocarbon having at least one hydrogen atom and at least one chlorine atom on adjacent carbon atoms, preferably carried out in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more metal halides, (ii) one or more halogenated metal oxides, (iii) one or more zero-valent metals/metal alloys, (iv) a combination of two or more of the foregoing.
1. A process for making a three carbon fluorinated olefin, comprising: dehydrochlorinating a three carbon hydrochlorofluorocarbon having at least one hydrogen and at least one chlorine on adjacent carbons in the presence of a catalyst selected from one or more zero-valent metal alloys, wherein the zero-valent metal alloy comprises Pd, Pt, Rh, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Cr, Mn, and combinations of these; and
wherein the hydrochlorofluorocarbon and resulting fluorinated olefin is selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloropropane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-3-chloropropane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-3-chloropropane and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-chloropropane and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoro-2-chloropropane and 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoro-3-chloropropane and 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-3-chloropropane and 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrochlorofluorocarbon is 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloropropane and the fluorinated olefin is 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the one or more zero-valent metal alloys is a Ni alloy.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said zero valent metal alloy is selected from SS 316, Monel 400, lnconel 825, lnconel 600 and lnconel 625.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein dehydrochlorination is carried out at a temperature of from about 300 to about 600° C.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein dehydrochlorination is carried out at a temperature of from about 400 to about 500° C.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the catalyst comprises Ni.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises Ni.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises lnconel 600.
10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the catalyst comprises lnconel 600 chips.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein said zero valent metal alloy is selected from lnconel 600 and lnconel 625.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein said zero valent metal alloy is lnconel 600.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein said zero valent metal alloy is lnconel 625.
14. A process for making a fluorinated olefin, comprising: dehydrochlorinating a hydrochlorofluorocarbon having at least one hydrogen and at least one chlorine on adjacent carbons in the presence of catalyst comprising a zero valent metal alloy selected from Inconel 625 and Inconel 600.
15. The process of claim 14 , wherein dehydrochlorination is carried out at a temperature of from about 300 to about 600° C.
16. The process of claim 14 , wherein dehydrochlorination is carried out at a temperature of from about 400 to about 500° C.
17. The process of claim 14 , wherein said zero valent metal alloy is lnconel 600.
18. The process of claim 14 , wherein said zero valent metal alloy is lnconel 625.
19. The process of claim 14 , wherein the hydrochlorofluorocarbon and resulting fluorinated olefin is selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloropropane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-3-chloropropane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-3-chloropropane and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-chloropropane and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoro-2-chloropropane and 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoro-3-chloropropane and 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-3-chloropropane and 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene.
20. The process of claim 14 , wherein the hydrochlorofluorocarbon is 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloropropane and the fluorinated olefin is 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.