Torque converter including spherical clutch

1. A torque converter comprising:

an axis of rotation;

first and second spherical centers positioned along the axis of rotation;

an impeller including an impeller shell having a first inner spherical surface including:

a first frictional surface having

a radius defining a first curvature; and

the first spherical center;

a turbine including a turbine shell having a second inner spherical surface including:

a second frictional surface having

the radius defining a second curvature; and

the second spherical center;

wherein the first and second frictional surfaces are arranged for frictional engagement.

2. The torque converter as in claim 1 , wherein the impeller shell or turbine shell comprises friction material and wherein the first or second frictional surface is disposed on the friction material.

3. The torque converter as in claim 2 , wherein the friction material includes a bonding surface and an opposite surface.

4. The torque converter as in claim 3 , wherein the opposite surface is convex.

5. The torque converter as in claim 1 , wherein the impeller shell comprises a first spherical portion including the first inner spherical surface, a rear cover outer surface, and a first thickness.

6. The torque converter as in claim 5 , wherein the impeller shell further comprises first and second tapered portions and a second thickness greater than the first thickness.

7. The torque converter as in claim 5 , wherein the impeller shell further comprises a cylindrical portion including an end portion and extending to and arranged for connection with a cover and a bent portion extending and integrally attached to an impeller shell torus portion.

8. The torque converter as in claim 1 , wherein the turbine shell comprises a second spherical portion including the second inner spherical surface and an outer turbine shell surface.

9. The torque converter as in claim 8 , wherein the turbine shell further comprises a radial wall portion extending and integrally attached to a turbine shell torus portion.

10. The torque converter as in claim 1 , wherein the first spherical surface further comprises a circle including the radius and the first spherical center, wherein the first and second frictional surfaces are arranged for frictional engagement along the circle.

11. A torque converter comprising:

an axis of rotation;

first and second spherical centers positioned along the axis of rotation;

a cover;

an impeller including an impeller shell having:

a first spherical portion including a first inner spherical surface including:

a first frictional surface having

a radius defining a first curvature; and

the first spherical center;

a bent portion; and

a cylindrical portion including an end portion extending to and arranged for connection with the cover;

a turbine including a turbine shell having:

a second spherical portion including a second inner spherical surface including:

a second frictional surface having

the radius defining a second curvature; and

the second spherical center;

wherein the first and second frictional surfaces are arranged for frictional engagement;

wherein the second spherical center is at the first spherical center when a clutch is engaged; and,

wherein the second spherical center is offset from the first spherical center when the clutch is not engaged.

12. The torque converter as in claim 11 , wherein the first spherical surface further comprises a circle including the radius and the first spherical center, wherein the first and second frictional surfaces are arranged for frictional engagement along the circle.

13. The torque converter as in claim 11 , wherein the first or second spherical portion comprises friction material and wherein the first or second frictional surface is disposed on the friction material.