Dispatchable solar hybrid power plant
View Patent ↗A solar hybrid power plant comprises a combustion turbine generator, a steam power system, a solar thermal system, and an energy storage system. Heat from the solar thermal system, from the energy storage system, or from the solar thermal system and the energy storage system is used to generate steam in the steam power system. Heat from the combustion turbine generator exhaust gas may be used primarily for single phase heating of water or steam in the steam power system. Alternatively, heat from the combustion turbine generator exhaust gas may be used in parallel with the energy storage system and/or the solar thermal system to generate steam, and additionally to super heat steam. Both the combustion turbine generator and the steam power system may generate electricity.
1. A solar hybrid combined cycle electric power plant comprising:
a solar thermal system that concentrates solar radiation to collect solar energy as heat;
a thermal energy storage system that stores heat collected by and transferred from the solar thermal system;
a combustion turbine generator that combusts fuel to generate electricity and produce hot exhaust gases;
a steam turbine generator that expands superheated steam across a steam turbine to generate electricity;
a first boiler that produces steam by heating liquid condensate from the steam turbine generator exclusively with heat from the combustion turbine exhaust gases;
a second boiler that produces steam by heating liquid condensate from the steam turbine generator exclusively with heat from the solar thermal system, from the thermal energy storage system, or from the solar thermal system and the thermal energy storage system; and
a superheater;
wherein the solar hybrid electric power plant has a first mode of operation in which the superheated steam is produced in the superheater by heating a mixture of steam from the first boiler and steam from the second boiler with heat exclusively from the combustion turbine exhaust gases.
2. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 1 , having a second mode of operation wherein the superheated steam is produced in the superheater by heating steam exclusively from the first boiler with heat exclusively from the combustion turbine exhaust gases.
3. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 1 , wherein the thermal energy storage system stores heat in a low vapor pressure heat transfer fluid at a pressure of about one atmosphere and a temperature greater than or equal to about 300° C.
4. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 3 , wherein the thermal energy storage system provides heat to produce steam in the second boiler by heat exchange in the second boiler between the low vapor pressure heat transfer fluid and liquid condensate from the steam turbine generator.
5. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 1 , wherein the superheated steam has a pressure of about 60 bar and a temperature of about 550° C. at an inlet to the steam turbine generator.
6. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 1 , wherein the thermal energy storage system stores heat transferred from another heat source in addition to heat from the solar thermal system.
7. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 6 , wherein the thermal energy storage system stores heat transferred from exhaust gases produced by another combustion turbine generator.
8. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 6 , wherein the thermal energy storage system stores heat produced by electrically powered heating.
9. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 1 , comprising a feedwater heater that heats liquid condensate from the steam turbine generator with heat from the combustion turbine exhaust gases and provides a first stream of the heated liquid condensate to the first boiler and a second stream of the heated liquid condensate to the second boiler.
10. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 9 , wherein the mass flow rate of the second stream of heated liquid condensate is about four times the mass flow rate of the first stream of heated liquid condensate.
11. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 9 , wherein:
the thermal energy storage system stores heat in a low vapor pressure heat transfer fluid at a pressure of about one atmosphere and a temperature greater than or equal to about 300° C.;
the thermal energy storage system provides heat to produce steam in the second boiler by heat exchange in the second boiler between the low vapor pressure heat transfer fluid and liquid condensate from the steam turbine generator; and
the superheated steam has a pressure of about 60 bar and a temperature of about 550° C. at an inlet to the steam turbine.
12. The solar hybrid electric power plant of claim 9 , having a second mode of operation wherein the superheated steam is produced in the superheater by heating steam exclusively from the first boiler with heat exclusively from the combustion turbine exhaust gases.