Polycrystalline compacts and methods of formation
View Patent ↗Methods for forming cutting elements, methods for forming polycrystalline compacts, and related polycrystalline compacts are disclosed. Grains of a hard material are subjected to a high-pressure, high-temperature process to form a polycrystalline compact. Inclusion of at least one relatively quick spike in system pressure or temperature during an otherwise plateaued temperature or pressure stage accommodates formation of inter-granular bonds between the grains. The brevity of the peak stage may avoid undesirable grain growth. Embodiments of the methods may also include at least one of oscillating at least one system condition (e.g., pressure, temperature) and subjecting the grains to ultrasonic or mechanical vibrations. A resulting polycrystalline compact may include a high density of inter-granularly bonded hard material with a minimized amount of catalyst material, and may provide improved thermal stability, wear resistance, toughness, and behavior during use of a cutting element incorporating the polycrystalline compact.
1. A method of forming a polycrystalline compact, comprising:
subjecting a feed comprising grains of a hard material to a high-pressure, high-temperature process to form inter-granular bonds between at least some of the grains, the high-pressure, high-temperature process comprising:
subjecting the feed to a condition at an initial level, the condition being a pressure or a temperature;
elevating the condition from the initial level to a plateau level;
after the elevating to the plateau level, maintaining the condition at the plateau level for a duration;
after the maintaining at the plateau level, elevating the condition from the plateau level to a peak level at a rate greater than a rate of the elevating to the plateau level;
after the elevating to the peak level, lowering the condition from the peak level to the plateau level;
after the lowering to the plateau level, maintaining the condition at the plateau level for another duration; and
after the maintaining for the another duration, lowering the condition from the plateau level to a final level.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the maintaining the condition at the plateau level for a duration comprises maintaining the condition at the plateau level for at least one minute.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, simultaneously with the elevating to the peak level and the lowering to the plateau level, maintaining another condition at another plateau level, the another condition being another of the pressure and the temperature.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
subjecting the feed to another condition at another initial level, the another condition being another of the pressure and the temperature;
elevating the another condition from another initial level to another plateau level; and
after the elevating to the another plateau level, elevating the another condition from the another plateau level to another peak level at a rate greater than a rate of the elevating to the another plateau level.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rate of the elevating to the plateau level is greater than a rate of the lowering to the plateau level.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting a feed comprising grains of a hard material to a high-pressure, high-temperature process comprises subjecting a feed comprising the grains of a hard material and comprising a catalyst to the high-pressure, high-temperature process.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
subjecting the feed to a condition at an initial level comprises subjecting the feed to a pressure at an initial pressure;
elevating the condition from the initial level to a plateau level comprises elevating the pressure from the initial pressure to a plateau pressure;
maintaining the condition at the plateau level for a duration comprises maintaining the pressure at the plateau pressure for the duration;
elevating the condition from the plateau level to a peak level at a rate greater than a rate of the elevating to the plateau level comprises elevating the pressure from the plateau level to the peak level at the rate greater than a rate of the elevating to the plateau pressure; and
lowering the condition from the peak level to the plateau level comprises lowering the pressure from the peak pressure to the plateau pressure,
further comprising repeating the elevating to the peak pressure and the lowering to the plateau pressure a plurality of times to oscillate the pressure between the plateau pressure and the peak pressure.
8. A method of forming a polycrystalline compact, the method comprising:
subjecting non-interbonded grains of a hard material and a catalyst material to a high-pressure, high-temperature process in which conditions comprising a pressure and a temperature are adjustable;
elevating at least one of the conditions to a plateau level;
holding the at least one of the conditions at the plateau level for a duration;
spiking the at least one of the conditions from the plateau level, to a peak level, and back to the plateau level in another duration shorter than the duration of the holding;
after the spiking, holding the at least one of the conditions at the plateau level for an additional duration; and
lowering the at least one of the conditions from the plateau level.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein subjecting the non-interbonded grains of the hard material and the catalyst material to the high-pressure, high-temperature process comprises subjecting the non-interbonded grains of the hard material and the catalyst material to the high-pressure, high-temperature process while also subjecting a substrate to the high-pressure, high-temperature process.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein subjecting the non-interbonded grains of the hard material and the catalyst material to the high-pressure, high-temperature process comprises subjecting the non-interbonded grains of the hard material and the catalyst material to the high-pressure, high-temperature process without simultaneously subjecting a substrate to the high-pressure, high-temperature process.
11. The method of claim 8 , further comprising, before the lowering from the plateau level, spiking, again, the at least one of the conditions from the plateau level, to the peak level, and back to the plateau level in another duration shorter than the duration of the holding.
12. The method of claim 8 , further comprising applying ultrasonic or mechanical vibrations to the non-interbonded grains of the hard material and the catalyst material while the non-interbonded grains of the hard material and the catalyst material are subjected to the high-pressure, high-temperature process.