Piezoelectric material, piezoelectric device, and electronic apparatus
A piezoelectric material that does not use lead and potassium and has a high piezoelectric constant and good insulating properties and a piezoelectric element that uses the piezoelectric material are provided. The piezoelectric material contains a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by general formula (1): (Na x Ba 1-y )(Nb y Ti 1-y )O 3 (1) (where 0.80≦x≦0.95 and 0.85≦y≦0.95), and an auxiliary component containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Si and B. A content of the auxiliary component on a metal basis is 0.001 parts by weight or more and 4.000 parts by weight or less relative to 100 parts by weight of the perovskite-type metal oxide.
1. A piezoelectric material comprising:
a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by general formula (1)
(Na x Ba 1-y )(Nb y Ti 1-y )O 3 (1)
(where 0.80≦x≦0.95 and 0.85≦y≦0.95); and
an auxiliary component containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Si and B,
wherein a content of the auxiliary component on a metal basis is 0.001 parts by weight or more and 4.000 parts by weight or less relative to 100 parts by weight of the perovskite-type metal oxide.
2. The piezoelectric material according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a second auxiliary component containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cu, Zn, and Ni,
wherein a content of the second auxiliary component is 0.05 mol or less relative to 1 mol of the perovskite-type metal oxide.
3. The piezoelectric material according to claim 1 , wherein, in general formula (1), x<y.
4. A piezoelectric element comprising:
a first electrode;
a piezoelectric material portion; and
a second electrode,
wherein the piezoelectric material portion contains the piezoelectric material according to claim 1 .
5. A multilayered piezoelectric element comprising:
two or more piezoelectric material layers; and
electrode layers including one or more internal electrodes,
wherein the piezoelectric material layers and the electrode layers are alternately stacked and the piezoelectric material layers contain the piezoelectric material according to claim 1 .
6. The multilayered piezoelectric element according to claim 5 , wherein the internal electrodes contain Ag and Pd and a weight ratio M1/M2 satisfies 1.5≦M1/M2≦9.0 where M1 represents a content of Ag in terms of weight and M2 represents a content of Pd in terms of weight.
7. The multilayered piezoelectric element according to claim 5 , wherein the internal electrodes contain at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni and Cu.
8. A liquid discharge head comprising:
a liquid chamber that includes a vibrating unit that includes the piezoelectric element according to claim 4 ; and
a discharge port communicating with the liquid chamber.
9. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
a stage configured to receive an object; and
the liquid discharge head according to claim 8 .
10. An ultrasonic motor comprising:
a vibrating body that includes the piezoelectric element according claim 4 ; and
a moving body configured to come into contact with the vibrating body.
11. An optical apparatus comprising:
a drive unit that includes the ultrasonic motor according to claim 10 .
12. A vibrating apparatus comprising:
a vibrating body that includes the piezoelectric element according to claim 4 .
13. A dust removing device comprising:
a vibrating unit that includes the vibrating apparatus according to claim 12 .
14. An image pickup apparatus comprising:
removing device according to claim 13 ; and
an image pickup element unit,
wherein a vibrating member of the dust removing device is disposed on a light-receiving-surface side of the image pickup element unit.
15. An electronic apparatus comprising:
a piezoelectric acoustic component that includes the piezoelectric element according to claim 4 .
16. A liquid discharge head comprising:
a liquid chamber that includes a vibrating unit that includes the multilayered piezoelectric element according to claim 5 ; and
a discharge port communicating with the liquid chamber.
17. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
a stage configured to receive an object; and
the liquid discharge head according to claim 16 .
18. An ultrasonic motor comprising:
a vibrating body that includes the multilayered piezoelectric element according to claim 5 ; and
a moving body configured to come into contact with the vibrating body.
19. An optical apparatus comprising:
a drive unit that includes the ultrasonic motor according to claim claim 18 .
20. A vibrating apparatus comprising:
a vibrating body that includes the multilayered piezoelectric element according to claim 5 .
21. A dust removing device comprising:
a vibrating unit that includes the vibrating apparatus according to claim 20 .
22. An image pickup apparatus comprising:
removing device according to claim 21 ; and
an image pickup element unit,
wherein a vibrating member of the dust removing device is disposed on a light-receiving-surface side of the image pickup element unit.
23. An electronic apparatus comprising:
a piezoelectric acoustic component that includes the multilayered piezoelectric element according to claim 5 .