Negative electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
The invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a large battery capacity and excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a negative electrode including a particulate negative electrode active material ( 33 ), a positive electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The particulate negative electrode active material ( 33 ) includes a plurality of two-phase regions ( 34 ) in the particle wherein the two-phase regions include a first phase (A) containing silicon and a second phase (B) containing silicon oxide disposed on the periphery of the first phase, the negative electrode active material being such that the ratio of the intensity at 480 cm −1 wavelength to the intensity at 510 cm −1 wavelength in a Raman spectrum obtained by Raman spectroscopy is not more than 0.1 and the ratio of the intensity at 2θ=21.6 to the intensity at 2θ=28.4 in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by X-ray diffractometry is not more than 0.1.
1. A negative electrode active material particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the negative electrode active material particle comprising a plurality of regions in the negative electrode active material particle wherein each region of the plurality of regions includes a first phase containing silicon and a second phase containing silicon oxide on the first phase,
wherein a ratio of a second intensity emitted by amorphous silicon to a first intensity emitted by crystalline silicon obtained from Raman spectroscopy of the negative electrode active material particle is not more than 0.04, and
a ratio of a third intensity emitted by SiO 2 to a fourth intensity emitted by Si(111) in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained from X-ray diffractometry of the negative electrode active material particle is not more than 0.1,
wherein BET specific surface area of the negative electrode active material particle is not more than 10 m 2 /g.
2. The negative electrode active material particle according to claim 1 ,
wherein the ratio of the second intensity to the first intensity is not more than 0.01.
3. The negative electrode active material particle according to claim 1 ,
wherein the first intensity is about 510 cm −1 wavelength in a Raman spectrum and the second intensity is about 480 cm −1 wavelength in the Raman spectrum.
4. The negative electrode active material particle according to claim 1 ,
wherein the ratio of the third intensity to the fourth intensity is not more than 0.01.
5. The negative electrode active material particle according to claim 1 ,
wherein the third intensity is about 2θ=21.6° in the X-ray diffraction pattern and the fourth intensity is about 2θ=28.4° in the X-ray diffraction pattern.
6. The negative electrode active material particle according to claim 1 ,
wherein the negative electrode active material particle contains silicate salts.
7. The negative electrode active material particle according to claim 1 ,
wherein the negative electrode active material particle contains lithium silicate.
8. The negative electrode active material particle according to claim 1 ,
wherein the negative electrode active material particle contains a non-silicon compound.