Solid oxide fuel cell bundles with flexible power transmission system
A fuel cell assembly comprising: a plurality of fuel cell bundles, each fuel cell bundle comprising: an array of elongated tubular fuel cells comprising a plurality of rows of spaced apart, elongated tubular fuel cells; a plurality of elongated electrical connectors each having a first contact for coupling with a first fuel cell and a second contact for coupling with a second fuel cell and wherein each of said electrical connectors is disposed between at least two of said elongated tubular fuel cells; an oxidant supply system; a fuel supply system; and a support structure for integrating as a bundle said fuel cells, said oxidant supply system and said fuel supply system, wherein said support structure comprises an elongated tubular fuel cell support/spacer plate and an oxidant feed tube support/spacer plate; wherein the elongated tubular fuel cell support/spacer plate is spaced from and connected to the oxidant feed tube support/spacer plate by one or more first pin-in-sleeve combinations each of which is connected to a first side of the elongated tubular fuel cell support/spacer plate and to a first side of the oxidant feed tube support/spacer plate. The fuel cell assembly may also comprise flexible members defining open slots on electrical connectors. Flexible power leads with cross-over plates and tabs may also be comprised in the fuel cell assembly.
1. A fuel cell bundle comprising:
an array of elongated tubular fuel cells;
a plurality of elongated electrical connectors each made of a sheet material having at least two curved or angled surfaces, a first contact for coupling with a first elongated tubular fuel cell and a second contact for coupling with a second elongated tubular fuel cell, wherein at least one of said first and second contacts comprises flexible members, wherein each of said electrical connectors is disposed between at least two of said elongated tubular fuel cells; and
an electrical transmission plate made of a sheet material, wherein the electrical transmission plate is in electrical communication with at least two of the plurality of elongated electrical connectors and comprises a tab; and
a flexible, electrical transmission line wherein the flexible, transmission line connects the tab and a power lead bar.
2. The fuel cell bundle of claim 1 wherein each of the elongated tubular fuel cells of each row has its elongated interconnection side aligned in the same direction such that only a first outer side of the array presents elongated interconnection sides of tubular fuel cells.
3. The fuel cell bundle of claim 2 , wherein each array has a second fuel electrode side which may be opposite or adjacent to the first interconnection side of the array.
4. The fuel cell bundle of claim 3 wherein the plurality of electrical transmission plates cover substantially the entire first and second sides of the array.
5. The fuel cell bundle of claim 4 wherein elongated electrical connectors are disposed between and substantially along the entire length of each adjacent pair of elongated tubular fuel cells of each of the first and second sides of the array.
6. The fuel cell bundle of claim 3 wherein the plurality of electrical transmission plates define a plurality of parallel rows covering substantially the entire first and second sides of the array.
7. The fuel cell bundle of claim 6 wherein the tabs on the plurality of electrical transmission plates are staggered within each row of electrical transmission plates.
8. The fuel cell bundle of claim 7 wherein the flexible, electrical transmission lines comprise wide, flag-type lines and define a plurality of parallel rows covering substantially the entire first and second sides of the array.
9. The fuel cell bundle of claim 8 wherein elongated electrical connectors are disposed between and substantially along the entire length of each adjacent pair of elongated tubular fuel cells of each of the first and second sides of the array.
10. The fuel cell bundle of claim 6 wherein elongated electrical connectors are disposed between and substantially along the entire length of each adjacent pair of elongated tubular fuel cells of each of the first and second sides of the array.
11. The fuel cell bundle of claim 1 wherein elongated electrical connectors are disposed between and substantially along the entire length of each adjacent pair of elongated tubular fuel cells of each of the first and second sides of the array.
12. The fuel cell bundle of claim 1 wherein each electrical transmission plate is sintered to at least two of the plurality of elongated electrical connectors.
13. The fuel cell bundle of claim 1 wherein the electrical connector, the electrical transmission plate, and the electrical transmission line comprises nickel.
14. The fuel cell bundle of claim 1 comprising:
at least one no-load fuel electrode voltage ring disposed around one of the elongated tubular fuel cells of the array of elongated tubular fuel cells.
15. The fuel cell bundle of claim 14 wherein the no-load fuel electrode voltage ring is disposed near an end of the elongated tubular fuel cell.
16. The fuel cell bundle of claim 14 wherein the no-load fuel electrode voltage ring is disposed on a section of the elongated tubular fuel cell with zero current flow such that the no-load fuel electrode voltage ring comprises a sensor providing a no-load voltage.
17. The fuel cell bundle of claim 14 further comprising an instrumentation wire wrapped around the outside of the no-load fuel electrode voltage ring.
18. The fuel cell bundle of claim 14 comprising a no-load fuel electrode voltage ring disposed around each of the plurality of the elongated tubular fuel cells of the array of elongated tubular fuel cells.