Heat treat production fixture
A method for manufacturing a metal structure ( 130 ) for use in a downhole assembly comprises plastically deforming at least a portion of the metal structure ( 130 ); and heating at least the deformed portion of the metal structure to a temperature below its critical and/or transformation temperature. An assembly for performing the method comprises a production fixture ( 370 ) configured to receive the metal structure ( 130 ), wherein the production fixture is adapted to undergo heating to a temperature below and/or up to the critical and/or transformation temperature of the metal structure. By heating at least the deformed portion of the metal structure to a temperature below its critical and/or transformation temperature, the metal structure may undergo stress relief, which may help prevent undesirable movement of deformed portion, e.g. collet fingers of a catching apparatus, against the direction of deformation after impact(s) and/or shock(s) from moving objects, in use.
1. A method for manufacturing a metallic catching apparatus for use in catching an object in a downhole assembly, the method comprising:
forming a cylindrical portion at or near a first end of the catching apparatus;
forming a plurality of radially moveable seat members arranged circumferentially around a longitudinal axis, the seat members being provided at or near a second end of the catching apparatus;
forming a plurality of fingers which extend between the cylindrical portion and the seat members, wherein the fingers and associated seat members define a plurality of collet fingers;
plastically deforming at least a portion of the collet fingers; and
heating at least the deformed portion of the collet fingers to a temperature below a critical and/or transformation temperature of the material forming the collet fingers.
2. The method according to claim 1 , comprising providing or arranging the catching apparatus on a production fixture.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the production fixture comprises a mandrel.
4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the production fixture defines a cylindrical outer surface, and/or a tapered profile outer surface.
5. The method according to claim 2 , wherein plastically deforming at least the portion of the collet fingers comprises forcing the catching apparatus onto the production fixture.
6. The method according to claim 2 , comprising securing and/or fixing the catching apparatus to the production fixture.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein securing and/or fixing the catching apparatus to the production fixture comprises use of a housing configured to contact at least a portion of an outer surface of the catching apparatus.
8. The method according to claim 7 , comprising securing and/or fixing the housing to the production fixture.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein heating comprises heating at least the deformed portion of the collet fingers to the temperature in the range of at least one of:
10-100° C. below the critical and/or transformation temperature;
20-90° C. below the critical and/or transformation temperature;
40-80° C. below the critical and/or transformation temperature; and
50° C. below the critical and/or transformation temperature.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein heating comprises heating at least the deformed portion of the collet fingers to the temperature in the range of 450−550° C.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the catching apparatus comprises steel.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein heating comprises heating at least the deformed portion of the collet fingers for a period of time sufficient to remove a predetermined level of stress in said deformed portion.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein heating comprises heating at least the deformed portion of the collet fingers at a predetermined level of the temperature for at least one of:
at least 1 hour;
at least 2 hours;
at least 4 hours; and
at least 24 hours.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein heating comprises heating the entire catching apparatus.
15. The method according to claim 14 , comprising providing or arranging the catching apparatus on a production fixture and providing the catching apparatus in position on the production fixture in a heating apparatus.
16. The method according to claim 15 , comprising providing the catching apparatus, the production fixture, and the housing in the heating apparatus.
17. The method according to claim 1 , comprising cooling at least the deformed portion of the collet fingers.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein cooling comprises cooling at least the deformed portion of the collet fingers at a predetermined temperature.
19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein cooling comprises regulating and/or controlling the cooling of at least the deformed portion of the collect fingers so as to avoid and/or minimize stress resulting from temperature change.
20. The method according to claim 1 , comprising hardening at least a portion of the catching apparatus.
21. The method according to claim 1 , comprising gas nitriding at least a portion of the catching apparatus.
22. The method according to claim 20 , wherein the hardened and/or nitride layer has a thickness in the region of approximately 0.012″-0.020″ (0.3-0.5 mm).
23. The method according to claim 20 , wherein the hardened and/or nitride layer has a hardness of at least one of:
550 HV; and
between 550 HV10 and 750 HV10.
24. The method according to claim 21 , comprising injecting ammonia gas into a heating apparatus.
25. The method according to claim 1 , wherein heating comprises simultaneously heating at least the deformed portion of the collet fingers, to the temperature below the critical and/or transformation temperature, and hardening at least a portion of the catching apparatus.
26. An assembly for manufacturing a metallic catching apparatus according to the method of claim 1 for use in a downhole assembly.
27. A metallic catching apparatus manufactured according to the method of claim 1 for use in a downhole assembly.
28. The method according to claim 1 , comprising plastically deforming each collet finger from an initial retracted position into an extended position, such that, in use, the collet fingers are moveable to their retracted position to catch the object.