Power factor correction stage control during start-up for efficient use of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor
A power factor correction (PFC) stage of a power supply unit has a PFC circuit including a rectifier circuit, a PFC controller circuit with a PFC switch, a current sensor connected to the PFC switch, a high frequency bypass capacitor connected between the PFC controller circuit and the rectifier circuit, and a bulk storage capacitor connected between the PFC controller circuit and an output of the PFC stage. The PFC stage also has a negative temperature coefficient thermistor connected in series with the PFC switch and the current sensor. During a start-up of the power supply unit, the PFC controller circuit causes the PFC switch to turn-on until the PFC controller circuit causes the PFC switch to turn-off after a current through the current sensor is sensed as being equal to or greater than a preset value.
1. A power factor correction (PFC) stage of a power supply unit, the PFC stage comprising:
a PFC circuit including a rectifier circuit for connection to an input power source, a PFC controller circuit connected to the rectifier circuit and including a PFC switch, a current sensor connected to the PFC switch of the PFC controller circuit, at least one high frequency bypass capacitor connected between the PFC controller circuit and the rectifier circuit, and at least one bulk storage capacitor connected between the PFC controller circuit and an output of the PFC stage; and
a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor connected in series with the PFC switch of the PFC controller circuit and the current sensor to limit an in-rush current in the PFC circuit, and
wherein, during a start-up of the power supply unit, the PFC controller circuit is configured to turn-on the PFC switch continuously to allow a current through the NTC thermistor to increase and a resistance of the NTC thermistor to decrease, and turn-off the PFC switch after the current through the NTC thermistor is sensed as being equal to or greater than a preset value based on the resistance of the NTC thermistor.
2. The PFC stage of claim 1 wherein the input power source is an alternating current source.
3. The PFC stage of claim 1 wherein the PFC controller circuit further includes at least a digital PFC controller, at least one inductor, and a diode.
4. The PFC stage of claim 1 wherein the PFC switch is a MOSFET device.
5. The PFC stage of claim 1 wherein the current sensor comprises a resistor.
6. The PFC stage of claim 1 further comprising a bypass switch connected in parallel with the NTC thermistor, wherein the bypass switch is turned on once the PFC switch is turned off.
7. The PFC stage of claim 1 wherein the PFC controller circuit further causes the PFC switch to be turned on for at least a minimum number of power cycles of the power source after the current through the NTC thermistor is equal to or greater than the preset value.
8. A method of controlling a power factor correction (PFC) stage of a power supply unit during a start-up of the power supply unit, the PFC stage including a PFC switch, a current sensor, and a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor to limit in-rush current, the method comprising:
controlling the PFC switch of the PFC stage to turn on continuously to allow a current through the NTC thermistor connected in series with the PFC switch and the current sensor to increase and a resistance of the NTC thermistor to decrease; and
controlling the PFC switch to turn off when the current through the NTC thermistor is equal to or greater than a preset value based on the resistance of the NTC thermistor.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the PFC stage is connected to an alternating current power source.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein the PFC stage further includes a rectifier circuit and a PFC controller circuit having at least a digital PFC controller, at least one inductor, and a diode.
11. The method of claim 8 wherein the PFC switch is a MOSFET device.
12. The method of claim 8 wherein the current sensor comprises a resistor.
13. The method of claim 8 further comprising turning on a bypass switch connected in parallel with the NTC thermistor once the PFC switch is turned off.
14. The method of claim 8 further comprising turning on the PFC switch for at least a minimum number of power cycles of a power source after the current through the NTC thermistor is equal to or greater than the preset value.