Spot welding method
A spot welding method is a method of performing spot welding to obtain a spot welded joint, the method including a spot welding with two-stage welding, setting a ratio (I 2 /I 1 ) of a current I 2 of a second welding process to a current I 1 of a first welding process to from 0.5 to 0.8, setting a time tc of a cooling process within a range of from 0.8×tmin to 2.5×tmin wherein tmin is calculated using the equation (0.2×H 2 ) according to a sheet thickness H of the steel sheets, setting an welding time t2 of a second welding process within a range of from 0.7×tmin to 2.5×tmin, and setting a pressure from the cooling process onward to greater than a pressure until the first welding process.
1. A spot welding method comprising:
overlapping high strength steel sheets each having a carbon content of 0.15% by mass or greater and a tensile strength of 980 MPa or greater, and
spot welding the steel sheets to obtain a spot welded joint, the spot welding including:
a first welding that forms a nugget;
a cooling that follows the first welding and during which a current of welding is zero; and
a second welding that follows the cooling,
wherein in the second welding, a martensite structure formed by the first welding and the cooling is tempered to form a tempered martensite structure and the nugget is softened, and
wherein during the spot welding,
I 2 /I 1 is set to from 0.5 to 0.8 wherein I 1 is a current in the first welding and I 2 is a current in the second welding,
a time tc (sec) of the cooling is set within a range of from 0.8×tmin to 2.5×tmin wherein tmin is calculated using Equation (1) below according to a sheet thickness H (mm) of the steel sheets,
a welding time t2 (sec) of the second welding is set within a range of from 0.7×tmin to 2.5×tmin, and
a pressure applied by electrodes from the cooling onward is set to greater than a pressure applied by the electrodes until the first welding
t min=0.2× H 2 (1).
2. The spot welding method of claim 1 , wherein the high strength steel sheets are plated steel sheets.
3. The spot welding method of claim 1 , wherein a metal structure of the spot welded joint in a range from −L to +L in a cross section of the spot welded joint includes the tempered martensite structure when the origin (0 point) is set at an intersection between a steel sheet press-contact portion and a line of fusion of the nugget and L is set to a length of the steel sheet press-contact portion, and a Vickers hardness in the range from −L to +L in the cross section of the spot welded joint has an average value of 400 or lower.
4. The spot welding method of claim 1 , wherein when the pressure applied by the electrodes until the first welding process is set to P1 and the pressure applied by the electrodes from the cooling process onward is set to P2,
P 2− P 1≥490 N.
5. The spot welding method of claim 1 , wherein the sheet thickness is 1.2 mm or more.