Apparatus and method for state of charge compensation for a battery system
The invention relates to an apparatus ( 2 ) for state of charge compensation having a battery system ( 10 ) for providing electrical energy comprising a series connection of a first battery sub-module ( 13 ) and a second battery sub-module ( 13 ′) having a first voltage conversion module ( 20 ′) wherein the first voltage conversion module ( 20 ′) is electrically connected to the second battery sub-module ( 13 ′), and wherein an electrical component ( 30 ) can be connected to the first voltage conversion module ( 20 ′) and can be supplied with electrical energy from the connected second battery sub-module ( 13 ′), wherein the apparatus ( 2 ) has a switching device ( 26 ) for switching an electrical connection between the first battery sub-module ( 13 ) and the first voltage conversion module ( 20 ′) and wherein the apparatus ( 2 ) has a control device ( 11 ) which is designed to control the switching device ( 26 ) such that electrical energy flows from the first battery sub-module ( 13 ) to the second battery sub-module ( 13 ′) and/or that electrical energy flows from the second battery sub-module ( 13 ′) to the first battery sub-module ( 13 ).
1. An apparatus for state of charge compensation, comprising:
a battery system supplying electrical energy and comprising a first battery sub-module and a second battery sub-module connected in series with the first battery sub-module,
a first voltage conversion module electrically connected to the second battery sub-module,
an electrical component connected to an output of the first voltage conversion module receiving electrical energy from the second battery sub-module,
a switching device having two switching states and configured to switch an electrical connection between the first battery sub-module and the first voltage conversion module, and
a control device configured to control the switching device so as to enable electrical energy to flow from the first battery sub-module to the second battery sub-module or from the second battery sub-module to the first battery sub-module, or both.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first voltage conversion module comprises an inductor, and wherein the switching device electrically connects the inductor to the first battery sub-module.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the control device is configured to control the switching device in a first of the two switching states so as to enable electrical energy to flow from the first battery sub-module to the second battery sub-module.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the control device is configured to control the switching device in a second of the two switching states so as to enable electrical energy to flow from the second battery sub-module to the first battery sub-module.
5. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the control device is configured to set the first switching state when a state of charge of the first battery sub-module is greater than a state of charge of the second battery sub-module.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the control device is configured to set the second switching state when a state of charge of the second battery sub-module is greater than a state of charge of the first battery sub-module.
7. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the control device is configured to control a first length of time during which the switching device is in the first switching state.
8. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the control device is configured to control a second length of time during which the switching device is in the second switching state.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising at least one third battery sub-module and at least one second voltage conversion module.
10. A method for state of charge compensation, comprising:
implementing an apparatus for the state of charge compensation of a battery system having a first battery sub-module and a second battery sub-module connected in series with the first battery sub-module,
electrically connecting the first battery sub-module to a first voltage conversion module,
connecting an electrical component to the first voltage conversion module and supplying the electrical component with the electrical energy from the second battery sub-module,
switching, with a switching device, an electrical connection between the first battery sub-module and the first voltage conversion module, and
controlling with a control device a flow of electrical energy from the first battery sub-module to the second battery sub-module, or
controlling with a control device a flow of electrical energy from the second battery sub-module to the first battery sub-module.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
switching with the switching device an electrical connection between the first battery sub-module and the first voltage conversion module,
controlling a flow of electrical energy from the first battery sub-module to the first voltage conversion module,
converting the electrical energy transported by the flow of electrical energy into magnetic energy with an inductor disposed in the first voltage conversion module and storing the magnetic energy in the inductor,
switching an electrical connection between the inductor and the second battery sub-module, and
releasing and converting the magnetic energy stored in the inductor into electrical energy for the second battery sub-module.
12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
switching with the switching device an electrical connection between the inductor of the first voltage conversion module and the second battery sub-module,
converting the electrical energy from the second battery sub-module transported by a flow of electrical energy from the second battery sub-module into magnetic energy by way of an inductor and storing the magnetic energy in the inductor,
switching with the switching device an electrical connection between the inductor to the second battery sub-module,
controlling a flow of the stored magnetic energy from the inductor to the first battery sub-module, and
releasing and converting the magnetic energy stored in the inductor into electrical energy for the first battery sub-module.