Cooling system for a turbine engine
A gas turbine engine including a compressor section, a turbine section, and a combustion section positioned between the compressor section and the turbine section is provided. The gas turbine engine also includes a cooling system having a tank and one or more fluid lines in fluid communication with the tank. The one or more fluid lines are configured to carry a flow of consumable cooling liquid provide such consumable cooling liquid to one or more components of the compressor section, the turbine section, and/or the combustion section not directly exposed to a core air flowpath defined through the gas turbine engine.
1. A gas turbine engine defining an axial direction, the gas turbine engine comprising:
a compressor section;
a turbine section located downstream of the compressor section;
a combustion section positioned between the compressor section and the turbine section, wherein the compressor section, the turbine section, and the combustion section together define a core air flowpath;
a cooling system for cooling one or more components not directly exposed to the core air flowpath, wherein the one or more components belongs to one or more of the compressor section, the turbine section, or the combustion section;
the cooling system comprising
a fluid tank for storing a volume of consumable cooling liquid;
a plurality of fluid lines in fluid communication with the fluid tank for carrying a flow of the consumable cooling liquid and providing the consumable cooling liquid to the one or more components not directly exposed to the core air flowpath, wherein the plurality of lines are positioned exterior to the one or more components; wherein the one or more components belongs to one or more of the compressor section, the turbine section, or the combustion section, and wherein the plurality of fluid lines include a supply fluid line, a compressor fluid line, and a turbine fluid line; and
a valve including an inlet fluidly coupled to the supply fluid line and configured to receive the flow of the consumable cooling liquid from the fluid tank, a first outlet connected to the compressor fluid line and configured to direct the flow of the consumable cooling liquid to the compressor section, and a second outlet connected to the turbine fluid line and configured to direct the flow of the consumable cooling liquid to the turbine section.
2. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the compressor section includes a plurality of rotors, and wherein the one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines are configured for providing the consumable cooling liquid to a surface of the plurality of rotors of the compressor section.
3. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the turbine section includes a plurality of rotors, and wherein one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines are configured for providing the consumable cooling liquid to a surface of the plurality of rotors of the turbine section.
4. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the compressor section includes a rotor, wherein the turbine section includes a rotor, wherein the rotor of the compressor section is attached to the rotor of the turbine section through a rotor shaft, and wherein the cooling system includes a static to rotating frame fluid transfer mechanism attached to the rotor shaft and fluidly connected to one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines of the cooling system.
5. The gas turbine engine of claim 4 , wherein one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines are configured to provide the consumable cooling liquid to one or both of the rotor of the compressor section and the rotor of the turbine section through the static to rotating frame fluid transfer mechanism.
6. The gas turbine engine of claim 4 , wherein one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines includes a first fluid line and a second fluid line, wherein the first fluid line is fluidly connected to the second fluid line through the static to rotating frame fluid transfer mechanism, and wherein the second fluid line includes an outlet directed towards at least one of the rotor of the compressor section and the rotor of the turbine section for spraying the consumable cooling liquid on the rotor of the compressor section or the rotor of the turbine section.
7. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the compressor section includes a compressor liner having an outer surface, and wherein an outlet of one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines of the cooling system is positioned adjacent to the outer surface of the compressor liner for spraying the consumable cooling liquid on the outer surface of the compressor liner.
8. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the turbine section includes a turbine liner having an outer surface, and wherein an outlet of one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines of the cooling system is positioned adjacent to the outer surface of the turbine liner for spraying the consumable cooling liquid on the outer surface of the turbine liner.
9. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the combustion section includes an outer combustion chamber liner having an outer surface, and wherein an outlet of one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines of the cooling system is positioned adjacent to the outer surface of the outer combustion chamber liner for spraying the consumable cooling liquid on the outer surface of the outer combustion chamber liner.
10. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the cooling system further includes a fluid pump for generating the flow of the consumable cooling fluid from the fluid tank through the plurality fluid lines.
11. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of each of the plurality of fluid lines is circumferentially spaced within the gas turbine engine.
12. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the cooling system is configured to inject up to two (2) pounds of the consumable cooling liquid per second into a compressed air proximate to an aft-stage of rotor blades.
13. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the cooling system is configured to inject the consumable cooling liquid at a rate greater than about 0.05% of a mass flow rate of the air flowing through the core air flowpath and less than about ten percent of the mass flow rate of the air flowing through the core air flowpath.
14. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the gas turbine engine further defines a radial direction, and wherein the fluid tank is positioned outward of the core air flowpath along the radial direction.
15. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein one or more fluid lines of the plurality of fluid lines are configured for providing the consumable cooling liquid to the one or more components of the compressor section, the turbine section, and the combustion section not directly exposed to the core air flowpath by providing the consumable cooling liquid to cooling air flowing over the one or more components of the compressor section, the turbine section, and the combustion section not directly exposed to the core air flowpath.
16. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the cooling system operates to cool the compressor section during periods of peak power of the gas turbine engine.
17. A method for cooling a gas turbine engine according to claim 1 , the method comprising:
operating the gas turbine engine to achieve a high power output; and
using the cooling system to provide the consumable cooling liquid to a surface of the one or more components of the compressor section, the combustion section, or the turbine section, the surface not directly exposed to the core air flowpath.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the cooling liquid is at least one of water and a glycol-water mixture.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein providing the consumable cooling liquid using the cooling system to the surface of the one or more components in the compressor section, the combustion section, or the turbine section includes providing up to two (2) pounds of the consumable cooling liquid per second into a compressed air proximate to an aft-stage of rotor blades.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein providing the consumable cooling liquid using the cooling system to the surface of the one or more components in the compressor section, the combustion section, or the turbine section includes providing the consumable cooling liquid at a rate greater than about 0.05% of a mass flow rate of air flowing through the core air flowpath and less than about ten percent of the mass flow rate of the air flowing through the core air flowpath.