Method for sanitizing fresh produce
Provided herein, inter alia, is a method for sanitizing produce, by: treating the produce with a catholyte solution for a period of time sufficient to sanitize the produce; treating the produce with a solution containing chlorine for a period of time sufficient to further sanitize the produce; and treating the produce with a solution containing peroxyacetic acid for a period of time sufficient to further sanitize the produce, where treating with the catholyte solution, the solution containing chlorine, and the solution containing peroxyacetic acid yields at least an additional 1 log unit reduction in microbial load, as compared to produce treated with a single solution selected from the catholyte solution, the solution containing chlorine, and the solution containing peroxyacetic acid.
1. A method for sanitizing leafy greens, the method consisting of the steps of:
a) treating the produce with a 10% catholyte solution for 20 seconds to de-soil the leafy greens;
b) treating the leafy greens with a 60 ppm anolyte for 90 seconds to sanitize the leafy greens; and
c) treating the leafy greens with a 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid for 30 seconds to further sanitize the leafy greens,
wherein after treating the leafy greens from step (a), step (b), and step (c), the leafy greens yields at least a 4.5 log colony forming unit per gram reduction in microbial load, as measured by total aerobic plate counts using standard FDA BAM techniques, as compared to untreated leafy greens;
wherein the 10% catholyte solution further consist of 0.15 to 3.0 ppm ozone; and
wherein treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution, the 60 ppm anolyte solution, and the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid yields an increase in shelf-life of the leafy greens, as compared to untreated leafy greens.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 60 ppm anolyte solution or occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 60 ppm anolyte solution, and treating the leafy greens with the 60 ppm anolyte solution occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid, and treating the leafy greens with the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 60 ppm anolyte solution.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the leafy greens with the 60 ppm anolyte solution occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein treating the leafy greens with the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution or occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 60 ppm anolyte solution.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the leafy greens with the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution occurs prior to treating the leafy greens with the 60 ppm anolyte solution.
9. The method of claim 1 , further consisting of treating the leafy greens with a second 60 ppm anolyte solution.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein after treating the leafy greens from step (a), step (b), and step (c), the leafy greens yields an additional log colony forming unit reduction per gram in microbial load that ranges from 4.5 to 6, as measured by total aerobic plate counts using standard FDA BAM techniques as compared to untreated leafy greens.
11. The method of claim 1 , further consisting of sonicating the leafy greens or treating the leafy greens with a pulsed electric field before, concurrently, or after treating the leafy greens with the catholyte solution, the 60 ppm anolyte solution and/or the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid.
12. The method of claim 1 , further consisting of treating the leafy greens with an anolyte solution or with ozone before, concurrently, or after treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution, the 60 ppm anolyte solution and/or the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the 10% catholyte solution further consists of: anolyte; or a sanitizer selected from the group consisting of: peroxyacetic acid, free available chlorine, chlorine dioxide, an alcohol, peroxide, and an ammonia-based sanitizer.
14. A method for sanitizing leafy greens, the method consisting of the steps of:
a) treating the leafy greens with a 10% catholyte solution having pH 9 to 11 to yield a 10% catholyte treated leafy greens;
b) treating the 10% catholyte treated leafy greens with a 60 ppm anolyte solution to yield an anolyte treated leafy greens; and
c) treating the anolyte treated leafy greens with a 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid to yield sanitized leafy greens,
wherein after treating the leafy greens from step (a), step (b), and step (c), the yields at least a 4.5 log colony forming unit per gram reduction in microbial load, as measured by total aerobic plate counts using standard FDA BAM techniques as compared to untreated leafy greens;
wherein the 10% catholyte solution further consists of 0.15 to 3.0 ppm ozone; and
wherein treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution, the 60 ppm anolyte solution, and the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid yields an increase in shelf-life of the leafy greens, as compared to untreated leafy greens.
15. A method for sanitizing leafy greens, the method consisting of the steps of:
a) treating the leafy greens with a 10% catholyte solution to yield a catholyte treated leafy greens;
b) treating the 10% catholyte treated leafy greens with a 60 ppm anolyte solution to yield an anolyte treated leafy greens; and
c) treating the anolyte treated leafy greens with a second 60 ppm anolyte solution to yield sanitized leafy greens,
wherein after treating the leafy greens from step (a), step (b), and step (c), the leafy greens yields at least a 4.5 log colony forming unit per gram reduction in microbial load, as measured by total aerobic plate counts using standard FDA BAM techniques as compared to untreated leafy greens;
wherein the 10% catholyte solution further consists of 0.15 to 3.0 ppm ozone; and
wherein treating the leafy greens with the 10% catholyte solution, the 60 ppm anolyte solution, and the 80 ppm solution consisting of peroxyacetic acid yields an increase in shelf-life of the leafy greens, as compared to untreated leafy greens.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the solution consisting of free available chlorine is an anolyte solution; the second solution consists of free available chlorine is an anolyte solution; or both the solution further consisting of free available chlorine and the second solution consists of free available chlorine are anolyte solutions.