Reflection based signal pre-emphasis
View Patent ↗Systems, and apparatus for adding reflection based pre-emphasis to a laser driver. In one aspect, a device includes a load (e.g. a laser) having a load impedance, a first end of a transmission line connected to the load, and a reflective impedance element connected to a second end of the transmission line. The reflective impedance element has a given impedance value that differs from the transmission line's characteristic impedance, and the characteristic impedance differs from the load impedance. This mismatch causes reflections between the reflective impedance element and the load. The reflections between the reflective impedance element and the load combine with an incident signal at the load to create a target signal having a target spectral shape.
1. A device comprising:
a load having a load impedance, wherein an output of the load has a frequency response of a low pass filter having a cutoff frequency at a first frequency;
a first end of a transmission line connected to the load, wherein the transmission line has a characteristic impedance that differs from the load impedance; and
a reflective impedance element connected to a second end of the transmission line, wherein:
the reflective impedance element has a given impedance value that differs from the characteristic impedance;
mismatches between the characteristic impedance and each of the given impedance value and the load impedance value causes reflections between the reflective impedance element and the load; and
the reflections between the reflective impedance element and the load combine with an incident signal at the load to create a pre-emphasized signal having a target spectral shape that is provided to the load, and wherein higher frequency components of the pre-emphasized signal have a higher magnitude than lower frequency components of the pre-emphasized signal, and the cutoff frequency of the output of the load is shifted, by the pre-emphasized signal, to a second frequency that is higher than the first frequency.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein:
the transmission line is selected to provide a target amount of propagation delay; and
the reflective impedance element is connected between a source of the incident signal and the second end of the transmission line.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the specified amount of propagation delay is selected to achieve the pre-emphasized signal having the target spectral shape.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the transmission line provides a propagation delay corresponding to ½ a baud time in each direction.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target spectral shape flattens a frequency response of at least some portion of the device.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target spectral shape is selected to offset parasitics in the device, wherein the parasitics create bandwidth limitations in the device, and the target spectral shape offsets undesired filtering effects resulting from the parasitics.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the reflective impedance element is a discrete resistor, inductor, or capacitor connected to a source by a first transmission line and connected to the load by a second transmission line.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein:
the load is a laser; and
parasitics in the load create a low pass filter response.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the reflective impedance element comprises:
a second transmission line having a second transmission line impedance that differs from the characteristic impedance.
10. A method, comprising:
creating an initial reflected signal based on a load incident signal and an impedance mismatch between a load impedance of a load and a characteristic impedance of a transmission line connected to the load, wherein an output of the load has a frequency response of a low pass filter having a cutoff frequency at a first frequency;
creating a second reflected signal based on the initial reflected signal and an impedance mismatch between a reflective impedance element and the characteristic impedance; and
creating a target load signal having a target shape based on a combination of the second reflected signal and the load incident signal, wherein contributions of the second reflected signal to the target load signal result in higher frequency components of the target load signal having a higher magnitude than lower frequency components of the target load signal, and wherein the target load signal shifts the cutoff frequency of the output of the load to a second frequency that is higher than the first frequency.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein creating a second reflected signal comprises creating a second reflected signal that has an opposite polarity relative to the load incident signal.
12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising delaying arrival of the second reflected signal at the load for ½ a baud time from creation of the second reflected signal.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein creating a target load signal having a target shape comprises creating a target load signal having a spectral shape of a high pass filter.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein creating a target load signal having a target spectral shape comprises creating a target load signal having a target spectral shape that flattens a frequency response of at least a portion of a communications system.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein creating a target load signal having a target spectral shape comprises creating a target load signal having a target spectral shape that offsets undesired effects of parasitic elements of a device.
16. A system, comprising:
a transmission channel; and
a communications node that communicates over the transmission channel, the communications node comprising:
a load that outputs a communications signal over the transmission channel, the load having a load impedance, wherein an output of the load has a frequency response of a low pass filter having a cutoff frequency at a first frequency;
a reflective impedance element connected to the load through a transmission line, wherein an impedance mismatch between the reflective impedance element and the transmission line create reflections that combine with a portion of a load incident signal to create a target load signal having a target spectral shape that differs from the load incident signal, wherein higher frequency components of the target load signal have a higher magnitude than lower frequency components of the target load signal, and the cutoff frequency of the output of the load is shifted, by the target load signal, to a second frequency that is higher than the first frequency.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein a length of the transmission line is selected to provide a target amount of propagation delay.
18. The system of claim 16 , wherein a length of the transmission line provides a propagation delay of ½ a baud time of the load incident signal.
19. The system of claim 16 , wherein the target spectral shape flattens a frequency response of a portion of the system.
20. The system of claim 16 , wherein the reflective impedance element is one of a discrete circuit component connected between a source and the transmission line, a different transmission line that connects the source to the transmission line, a combination of the source and a resistor connected between the source and the transmission line, a combination of the source and the different transmission line that connects the source to the transmission line, or the source having a source impedance that differs from the characteristic impedance of the transmission line.