Planar dual polarization antenna and complex antenna
A planar dual polarization antenna for receiving and transmitting radio signals includes an upper patch plate and a metal grounding plate with a width along a first direction and a length along a second direction. A shape of the upper patch plate has a first symmetry axis along the first direction and a second symmetry axis along the second direction. The first symmetry axis divides the upper patch plate into a first section and a third section. The second symmetry axis divides the upper patch plate into a second section and a fourth section. A first geometry center of the first section and the symmetry center are separated by a first distance, and a second geometry center of the second section and the symmetry center are separated by a second distance unequal to the first distance.
1. A planar dual polarization antenna for receiving and transmitting radio signals, comprising:
a metal grounding plate having a width along a first direction and a length along a second direction; and
an upper patch plate, wherein a shape of the upper patch plate has a first symmetry axis along the first direction and a second symmetry axis along the second direction, the first symmetry axis divides the upper patch plate into a first section and a third section, and the second symmetry axis divides the upper patch plate into a second section and a fourth section;
wherein a symmetry center of the shape is aligned to a center point of the metal grounding plate, a first geometry center of the first section and the symmetry center are separated by a first distance, and a second geometry center of the second section and the symmetry center are separated by a second distance unequal to the first distance.
2. The planar dual polarization antenna of claim 1 , wherein the length of the metal grounding plate is not equal to the width of the metal grounding plate to adjust beamwidth.
3. The planar dual polarization antenna of claim 1 , wherein the shape satisfies:
Wmax
Ax
=
Lmax
Ay
=
D
,
wherein Wmax and Ax denote a maximum width of the shape along the first direction and a first ratio value respectively, Lmax and Ay denote a maximum length of the shape along the second direction and a second ratio value respectively, D denote a reference dimension corresponding to resonance bandwidth of the upper patch plate, the first ratio value and the second ratio value are related to the extent to which the maximum width and the maximum length are adjusted with respect to the reference dimension according to the width and the length of the metal grounding plate respectively.
4. The planar dual polarization antenna of claim 1 , wherein the shape of the upper patch plate is formed by overlapping a cross section and a quadrilateral section or formed from a cross section.
5. The planar dual polarization antenna of claim 4 , wherein the quadrilateral section comprises a plurality of protrusion portions or a plurality of notches.
6. The planar dual polarization antenna of claim 1 , further comprising:
a feeding transmission line layer comprising a first feeding transmission line and a second feeding transmission line, the first feeding transmission line and the second feeding transmission line are symmetric;
a first dielectric layer disposed between the feeding transmission line layer and the metal grounding plate;
a second dielectric layer disposed on the metal grounding plate; and
a lower patch plate disposed between the second dielectric layer and the upper patch plate.
7. The planar dual polarization antenna of claim 6 , wherein the metal grounding plate comprises a first slot and a second slot, the first slot and the second slot are symmetric, the first slot and the first feeding transmission line generate coupling effects, the second slot and the second feeding transmission line generate coupling effects to increase bandwidth of the planar dual polarization antenna.
8. The planar dual polarization antenna of claim 6 , wherein the shape of the lower patch plate is formed by overlapping a cross section and a quadrilateral section or formed from a cross section.
9. The planar dual polarization antenna of claim 1 , wherein the first distance DIS_U satisfies:
DIS_U
=
∫
0
∞
∫
-
∞
∞
f
(
x
,
y
)
y
∂
x
∂
y
∫
0
∞
∫
-
∞
∞
f
(
x
,
y
)
∂
x
∂
y
,
the second distance DIS_R satisfies:
DIS_R
=
∫
-
∞
∞
∫
0
∞
f
(
x
,
y
)
x
∂
x
∂
y
∫
-
∞
∞
∫
0
∞
f
(
x
,
y
)
∂
x
∂
y
,
wherein a direction x is the first direction, a direction y is the second direction, coordinates (x,y) of the symmetry center are labeled as (x,y)=(0,0), an output of an function f(x,y) corresponding to an input (x,y) located within the upper patch plate satisfies ƒ(x,y)=1, and an output of the function f(x,y) corresponding to an input (x,y) located outside the upper patch plate satisfies f(x,y)=0.
10. A complex antenna for receiving and transmitting radio signals, comprising:
a metal grounding plate comprising a plurality of rectangular regions, each of the plurality of rectangular regions has a width along a first direction and a length along a second direction; and
an upper planar dual polarization antenna layer comprising a plurality of upper patch plates disposed corresponding to the plurality of rectangular regions respectively, wherein a shape of each of the plurality of the upper patch plates has a first symmetry axis along the first direction and a second symmetry axis along the second direction, the first symmetry axis divides the upper patch plate into a first section and a third section, and the second symmetry axis divides the upper patch plate into a second section and a fourth section;
wherein a symmetry center of the shape is aligned to a center point of the corresponding rectangular region, a first geometry center of the first section and the symmetry center are separated by a first distance, and a second geometry center of the second section and the symmetry center are separated by a second distance unequal to the first distance.
11. The complex antenna of claim 10 , wherein the length is not equal to the width to adjust beamwidth.
12. The complex antenna of claim 10 , wherein the shape of each of the plurality of the upper patch plates satisfies:
Wmax
Ax
=
Lmax
Ay
=
D
,
wherein Wmax and Ax denote a maximum width of the shape along the first direction and a first ratio value respectively, Lmax and Ay denote a maximum length of the shape along the second direction and a second ratio value respectively, D denote a reference dimension corresponding to resonance bandwidth of the upper patch plate, the first ratio value and the second ratio value are related to the extent to which the maximum width and the maximum length are adjusted with respect to the reference dimension according to the width and the length of the metal grounding plate respectively.
13. The complex antenna of claim 10 , wherein the shape of each of the plurality of the upper patch plates is formed by overlapping a cross section and a quadrilateral section or formed from a cross section.
14. The complex antenna of claim 13 , wherein the quadrilateral section comprises a plurality of protrusion portions or a plurality of notches.
15. The complex antenna of claim 10 , further comprising:
a feeding transmission line layer comprising a plurality of first feeding transmission lines and a plurality of second feeding transmission lines, each of the plurality of first feeding transmission lines and each of the plurality of second feeding transmission lines are disposed corresponding to one of the plurality of the upper patch plates, the first feeding transmission line and the second feeding transmission line are symmetric;
a first dielectric layer disposed between the feeding transmission line layer and the metal grounding plate;
a second dielectric layer disposed on the metal grounding plate; and
a lower planar dual polarization antenna layer disposed between the second dielectric layer and the upper planar dual polarization antenna layer, comprising a plurality of lower patch plates, the plurality of lower patch plates are disposed corresponding to the plurality of the upper patch plates respectively.
16. The complex antenna of claim 15 , wherein the metal grounding plate comprises a plurality of first slots and a plurality of second slots, the plurality of first slots and the plurality of second slots are symmetric respectively, each of the plurality of the first slots and the corresponding first feeding transmission line generate coupling effects, each of the plurality of the second slots and the corresponding second feeding transmission line generate coupling effects to increase bandwidth of the complex antenna.
17. The complex antenna of claim 15 , wherein the shape of the lower patch plate is formed by overlapping a cross section and a quadrilateral section or formed from a cross section.
18. The complex antenna of claim 10 , wherein the first distance DIS_U of each of the plurality of the upper patch plates satisfies:
DIS_U
=
∫
0
∞
∫
-
∞
∞
f
(
x
,
y
)
y
∂
x
∂
y
∫
0
∞
∫
-
∞
∞
f
(
x
,
y
)
∂
x
∂
y
,
the second distance DIS_R satisfies:
DIS_R
=
∫
-
∞
∞
∫
0
∞
f
(
x
,
y
)
x
∂
x
∂
y
∫
-
∞
∞
∫
0
∞
f
(
x
,
y
)
∂
x
∂
y
,
wherein a direction x is the first direction, a direction y is the second direction, coordinates (x,y) of the symmetry center are labeled as (x,y)=(0,0), an output of an function f(x,y) corresponding to an input (x,y) located within the upper patch plate satisfies f(x,y)=1, and an output of the function f(x,y) corresponding to an input (x,y) located outside the upper patch plate satisfies f(x,y)=0.