Wire for deep water transmission
An electrically conductive wire for deep water transmission includes a first wire portion and a second wire portion. The first wire portion makes up one end of the wire, and is formed from a first metal. The second wire portion is formed from a second metal. The first metal has a higher ultimate tensile strength than the second metal. The first wire portion is used to support the weight of the second wire portion, thereby allowing the electrically conductive wire to be used in underwater or subsea power cables which may be freely suspended from their origin for providing electricity to electrical devices located in deep water or ultra-deep water.
1. An electrically conductive wire for deep water transmission having a first wire portion and a second wire portion welded together;
wherein the first wire portion is formed of a first metal, is located at one end of the wire, and has a length of about 100 feet or greater;
wherein the second wire portion is formed of a second metal; and
wherein the first metal has a higher ultimate tensile strength than the second metal; and
wherein the length of the first wire portion is less than the length of the second wire portion.
2. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , wherein the first metal has an ultimate tensile strength of 100 ksi or higher.
3. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , wherein the first metal is a copper-nickel-beryllium alloy.
4. The electrically conductive wire of claim 3 , wherein the first metal contains from about 0.2 wt % to about 0.6 wt % of beryllium, about 1.4 wt % to about 2.2 wt % of nickel, and balance copper.
5. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , wherein the second metal has an ultimate tensile strength of 75 ksi or less.
6. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , wherein the second metal is at least 99.9 wt % copper.
7. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , wherein the second metal has a higher electrical conductivity than the first metal.
8. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , wherein the second metal has an electrical conductivity of 100% IACS or higher, and the first metal has an electrical conductivity of 80% IACS or lower.
9. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the length of the second wire portion to the ratio of the length of the first wire portion is from about 10:1 to about 50:1.
10. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , wherein the length of the first wire portion is from about 100 feet to about 500 feet, and the length of the electrically conductive wire is about 2,000 feet or longer.
11. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , having a diameter of from about 1 millimeter to about 3 millimeters.
12. The electrically conductive wire of claim 1 , further comprising a third wire portion located at the other end of the wire which is formed of the first metal, is welded to the second wire portion, and has a length of about 100 feet or greater.
13. A power cable for deep water transmission comprising:
at least one core, each core comprising:
an electrically conductive wire having a first wire portion and a second wire portion welded together, wherein the first wire portion is formed of a first metal, is located at one end of the wire, and has a length of about 100 feet or greater, wherein the second wire portion is formed of a second metal, and wherein the first metal has a higher ultimate tensile strength than the second metal, and wherein the length of the first wire portion is less than the length of the second wire portion;
an inner semiconductive layer;
an electrically insulating layer; and
an outer semiconductive layer; and
externally from the core:
a water-proofing layer;
an armor layer; and
an external polymeric sheath.
14. The power cable of claim 13 , wherein the power cable has three cores.
15. The power cable of claim 13 , wherein the first metal has an ultimate tensile strength of 100 ksi or higher, and wherein the second metal has an ultimate tensile strength of 65 ksi or lower.
16. The power cable of claim 13 , wherein the first metal is a copper-nickel-beryllium alloy containing from about 0.2 wt % to about 0.6 wt % of beryllium, about 1.4 wt % to about 2.2 wt % of nickel, and balance copper.
17. The power cable of claim 13 , wherein the second metal is at least 99.9 wt % copper.
18. The power cable of claim 13 , wherein the second metal has an electrical conductivity of 100% IACS or higher, and the first metal has an electrical conductivity of 80% IACS or lower.
19. A method of providing power to a deep water device comprising:
connecting a first end of a power cable to an above-water power source; and
connecting a second end of the power cable to the deep water device;
wherein the power cable has a conductor that comprises an electrically conductive wire having a first wire portion and a second wire portion welded together, wherein the first wire portion is formed of a first metal, is located at one end of the wire, and has a length of about 100 feet or greater, wherein the second wire portion is formed of a second metal, and wherein the first metal has a higher ultimate tensile strength than the second metal; and
wherein the first wire portion is located at the first end of the power cable.