Burn profiles for coke operations
View Patent ↗The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for optimizing the burn profiles for coke ovens, such as horizontal heat recovery ovens. In various embodiments the burn profile is at least partially optimized by controlling air distribution in the coke oven. In some embodiments, the air distribution is controlled according to temperature readings in the coke oven. In particular embodiments, the system monitors the crown temperature of the coke oven. After the crown reaches a particular temperature range the flow of volatile matter is transferred to the sole flue to increase sole flue temperatures throughout the coking cycle. Embodiments of the present technology include an air distribution system having a plurality of crown air inlets positioned above the oven floor.
1. A method of controlling a horizontal heat recovery coke oven burn profile, the method comprising:
charging a bed of coal into an oven chamber of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven; the oven chamber being at least partially defined by an oven floor, opposing oven doors, opposing sidewalls that extend upwardly from the oven floor between the opposing oven doors, and an oven crown positioned above the oven floor;
creating a negative pressure draft on the oven chamber so that air is drawn into the oven chamber through at least one air inlet, positioned to place the oven chamber in fluid communication with an environment exterior to the horizontal heat recovery coke oven;
initiating a carbonization cycle of the bed of coal such that volatile matter is released from the coal bed, mixes with the air, and at least partially combusts within the oven chamber, generating heat within the oven chamber;
the negative pressure draft drawing volatile matter into at least one sole flue, beneath the oven floor; at least a portion of the volatile matter combusting within the sole flue, generating heat within the sole flue that is at least partially transferred through the oven floor to the bed of coal;
the negative pressure draft drawing exhaust gases away from the at least one sole flue;
detecting a plurality of temperature changes in the oven chamber that successively increase over the carbonization cycle until the temperature changes in the oven chamber reach the peak temperature;
reducing the negative pressure draft over a plurality of successive separate flow reducing steps, based on the plurality of temperature changes in the oven chamber, until the temperature changes in the oven chamber reach a peak temperature, whereby a rate at which the oven chamber attains the peak temperature during the carbonization cycle is reduced.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the negative pressure draft draws exhaust gases from the at least one sole flue through at least one uptake channel having an uptake damper; the uptake damper being selectively movable between open and closed positions.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the negative pressure draft is reduced over the plurality of separate flow reducing steps by moving the uptake damper through a plurality of increasingly flow restrictive positions over the carbonization cycle, based on the plurality of temperature changes in the oven chamber.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein one of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2200° F.-2300° F. is detected.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein one of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2400° F.-2450° F. is detected.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein one of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2500° F. is detected.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein one of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2550° F. to 2625° F. is detected.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein one of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2650° F. is detected.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein one of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2700° F. is detected.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein:
one of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2200° F. to 2300° F. is detected;
another of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2400° F. to 2450° F. is detected;
another of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2500° F. is detected;
another of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried out when a temperature of approximately 2550° F. to 2625° F. is detected;
another of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried when a temperature of approximately 2650° F. is detected; and
another of the plurality of flow reducing steps is carried when a temperature of approximately 2700° F. is detected.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one air inlet includes at least one crown air inlet positioned in the oven crown above the oven floor.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein the at least one crown air inlet includes an air damper that is selectively movable between open and closed positions to vary a level of fluid flow restriction through the at least one crown air inlet.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the bed of coal has a weight that exceeds a designed bed charge weight for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven; the oven chamber reaching a maximum crown temperature that is less than a designed, not to exceed, maximum crown temperature for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the bed of coal has a weight that is greater than a designed coal charge weight for the coke oven.
15. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
increasing a temperature of the at least one sole flue above a designed sole flue operating temperature for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven by reducing the negative pressure draft over a plurality of separate flow reducing steps, based on the plurality of temperature changes in the oven chamber.
16. A method of controlling a horizontal heat recovery coke oven burn profile, the method comprising:
initiating a carbonization cycle of a bed of coal within an oven chamber of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven;
detecting a plurality of temperature changes in the oven chamber over the carbonization cycle;
reducing a negative pressure draft on the horizontal heat recovery coke oven over a plurality of successive, separate flow reducing steps, based on the plurality of temperature changes that successively increase in the oven chamber until the temperature changes in the oven chamber reach a peak temperature, whereby a rate at which the oven chamber attains the peak temperature during the carbonization cycle is reduced.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the negative pressure draft on the horizontal heat recovery coke oven draws air into the oven chamber through at least one air inlet, positioned to place the oven chamber in fluid communication with an environment exterior to the horizontal heat recovery coke oven.
18. The method of claim 16 wherein the negative pressure draft is reduced by actuation of an uptake damper associated with at least one uptake channel in fluid communication with the oven chamber.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the negative pressure draft is reduced over a plurality of flow reducing steps by moving the uptake damper through a plurality of increasingly flow restrictive positions over the carbonization cycle, based on the plurality of different temperatures in the oven chamber.
20. The method of claim 16 further comprising:
increasing a temperature of at least one sole flue, which is in open fluid communication with the oven chamber, above a designed sole flue operating temperature for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven by reducing the negative pressure draft over a plurality of separate flow reducing steps, based on the plurality of temperature changes in the oven chamber.
21. The method of claim 16 wherein the bed of coal has a weight that exceeds a designed bed charge weight for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven; the oven chamber reaching a maximum crown temperature during the carbonization cycle that is less than a designed not to exceed, maximum crown temperature for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven.
22. The method of claim 21 further comprising:
increasing a temperature of at least one sole flue, which is in open fluid communication with the oven chamber, above a designed sole flue operating temperature for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven by reducing the negative pressure draft over a plurality of separate flow reducing steps, based on the plurality of temperature changes in the oven chamber.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein the bed of coal has a weight that is greater than a designed coal charge weight for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven, defining a coal processing rate that is greater than a designed coal processing rate for the horizontal heat recovery coke oven.