Apparatus for actuating and reading a centrifugal microfluidic disk for biological and biochemical analyses, and use of the apparatus
An apparatus for actuating in rotation and reading a centrifugal microfluidic disk for biological and/or biochemical analyses, comprising: a container body, defining an internal chamber forming a closed curvilinear path, the path comprising a housing region configured to house the centrifugal microfluidic disk, and a curvilinear channel fluidically coupled to the housing region; a heater operatively arranged in a section of the curvilinear channel; and a fan operatively arranged in a respective section of the curvilinear channel.
1. An apparatus for rotating and reading a centrifugal microfluidic disk for biological and/or biochemical analyses, comprising:
a container body defining an internal chamber forming a closed curvilinear path, said path including a housing region configured to house said centrifugal microfluidic disk, and a curvilinear channel fluidically coupled to said housing region;
a heater operatively arranged in the curvilinear channel; and
a fan operatively arranged in the curvilinear channel.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said curvilinear channel includes a first tubular portion, a second tubular portion, and a tubular joining portion fluidly coupling the first and second tubular portions to each other, said first tubular portion being fluidically coupled to a first side of the housing region and said second tubular portion being fluidically coupled to a second side, opposite to the first side, of the housing region, wherein said heater is arranged in the first tubular portion and said fan is arranged in the second tubular portion.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a spindle that includes a rotary platform configured to support the centrifugal microfluidic disk; and
a motor coupled to the spindle and configured to spin the spindle, including the rotary platform, and thereby spin the centrifugal microfluidic disk, the housing region being configured to house the centrifugal microfluidic disk having a radius comprised between 1 cm and 30 cm.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein said motor is a bi-directional electric motor of a brushless type.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more temperatures sensors housed along the closed curvilinear path.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:
one or more windows for heat exchange between the internal chamber and an environment external to said apparatus; and
a controller configured to drive said one or more windows into an open state, enabling said heat exchange, or into a closed state, preventing said heat exchange, for regulating a temperature of said internal chamber according to a biological or biochemical protocol to be implemented.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein said curvilinear channel includes a first tubular portion, a second tubular portion, and a tubular joining portion fluidly coupling the first and second tubular portions to each other, said first tubular portion being fluidically coupled to a first side of the housing region and said second tubular portion being fluidically coupled to a second side, opposite to the first side, of the housing region, wherein said heater is arranged in the first tubular portion and said fan is arranged in the second tubular portion, the apparatus further comprising:
a port arranged in the tubular joining portion and configured to interrupt a circular flow of air through the path when said one or more windows are driven into an open state, thereby favoring heat exchange between the internal chamber and the environment external to said apparatus.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising an optical module that includes:
a first illuminator arranged facing the housing region and at a back side of the container body, opposite to the housing region; and
an image-acquisition device arranged facing the housing region and at the back side of the container body,
wherein said first illuminator is configured to illuminate first selective regions of said centrifugal microfluidic disk and said image-acquisition device is configured in such a way as to acquire images of said illuminated first selective regions.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein said first illuminator is configured to emit light radiation with a wavelength comprised between 400 nm and 600 nm and said image-acquisition device is configured to acquire light radiation with a wavelength comprised between 500 nm and 700 nm.
10. The apparatus according to claim 8 , further comprising a second illuminator arranged facing the housing region and at the back side of the container body, specularly to a position of the first illuminator.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the second illuminator is configured to illuminate second selective regions of said centrifugal microfluidic disk and emit a light radiation at a wavelength different from a wavelength of light radiation emitted by the first illuminator.
12. The apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the image-acquisition device includes a photographic/video camera with CCD or CMOS sensor.
13. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a magnetic actuator that includes a linear step motor and one or more magnets configured to be operatively coupled to said centrifugal microfluidic disk for moving magnetic beads of the centrifugal microfluidic disk during use of said centrifugal microfluidic disk.
14. A system, comprising:
a centrifugal microfluidic disk for biological and/or biochemical analyses; and
an apparatus for rotating and reading the centrifugal microfluidic disk, the apparatus including:
a container body defining an internal chamber forming a closed curvilinear path, said path including a housing region configured to house said centrifugal microfluidic disk, and a curvilinear channel fluidically coupled to said housing region;
a heater operatively arranged in the curvilinear channel; and
a fan operatively arranged in the curvilinear channel.
15. The system according to claim 14 , wherein said curvilinear channel includes a first tubular portion, a second tubular portion, and a tubular joining portion fluidly coupling the first and second tubular portions to each other, said first tubular portion being fluidically coupled to a first side of the housing region and said second tubular portion being fluidically coupled to a second side, opposite to the first side, of the housing region, wherein said heater is arranged in the first tubular portion and said fan is arranged in the second tubular portion.
16. The system according to claim 14 , wherein the apparatus also includes:
one or more windows for heat exchange between the internal chamber and an environment external to said apparatus; and
a controller configured to drive said one or more windows into an open state, enabling said heat exchange, or into a closed state, preventing said heat exchange, for regulating a temperature of said internal chamber according to a biological or biochemical protocol to be implemented.
17. The system according to claim 16 , wherein:
said curvilinear channel includes a first tubular portion, a second tubular portion, and a tubular joining portion fluidly coupling the first and second tubular portions to each other, said first tubular portion being fluidically coupled to a first side of the housing region and said second tubular portion being fluidically coupled to a second side, opposite to the first side, of the housing region;
said heater is arranged in the first tubular portion and said fan is arranged in the second tubular portion; and
the apparatus also includes a port arranged in the tubular joining portion and configured to interrupt a circular flow of air through the path when said one or more windows are driven into an open state, thereby favoring heat exchange between the internal chamber and the environment external to said apparatus.
18. The system according to claim 14 , wherein the apparatus includes an optical module that includes:
a first illuminator arranged facing the housing region and at a back side of the container body, opposite to the housing region; and
an image-acquisition device arranged facing the housing region and at the back side of the container body,
wherein said first illuminator is configured to illuminate first selective regions of said centrifugal microfluidic disk and said image-acquisition device is configured in such a way as to acquire images of said illuminated first selective regions.
19. An apparatus for rotating and reading a centrifugal microfluidic disk for biological and/or biochemical analyses, comprising:
a container body defining an internal chamber forming a closed curvilinear path, said path including a housing region configured to house said centrifugal microfluidic disk, and a curvilinear channel fluidically coupled to said housing region;
a heater operatively arranged in the curvilinear channel;
a fan operatively arranged in the curvilinear channel; and
an auxiliary reading module that includes an auxiliary heater and an auxiliary optical reader, said auxiliary heater and said auxiliary optical reader being configured to operatively couple to opposite sides of a microfluidic chip of said centrifugal microfluidic disk in order to implement a fluidic protocol of biochemical/biological analyses of wells of the microfluidic chip.
20. The apparatus according to claim 19 , further comprising an optical module that includes:
a first illuminator arranged facing the housing region and at a back side of the container body, opposite to the housing region; and
an image-acquisition device arranged facing the housing region and at the back side of the container body,
wherein said first illuminator is configured to illuminate first selective regions of said centrifugal microfluidic disk and said image-acquisition device is configured in such a way as to acquire images of said illuminated first selective regions.